17
Viṃśatikā / All 22 verses / 17
उक्तं यथा तदाभासा विज्ञप्तिः स्मरणं ततः स्वप्ने दृग्विषयाभावं नाप्रबुद्धोऽवगच्छति
uktaṃ yathā tadābhāsā vijñaptiḥ smaraṇaṃ tataḥ svapne dṛgviṣayābhāvaṃ nāprabuddho 'vagacchati
The line
As was said, the cognition bears that appearance, and memory comes from that. In a dream, the one who has not woken does not realize the absence of the seen object.
नेपालीमा
भनिएझैँ ज्ञानले त्यो आकृति बोक्छ, र स्मृति त्यसबाट आउँछ। स्वप्नमा नजागेको व्यक्तिले देखिएको वस्तुको अभाव बुझ्दैन।
Where it sits
Verse 16 said the perceptual thought arises as in a dream. Verse 17 answers the follow-up 'but I remember it, so it was there.' Verse 18 will answer 'why do we see the same thing?': the streams condition one another.
Split: uktam (उक्तम्) + yathā (यथा) + tad-ābhāsā (तद्-आभासा) + vijñaptiḥ (विज्ञप्तिः) + smaraṇam (स्मरणम्) + tatas (तत) + svapne (स्वप्ने) + dṛś-viṣaya-abhāvam (दृश्-विषय-अभावम्) + na (न) + aprabuddhaḥ (अप्रबुद्धः) + avagacchati (अवगच्छति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| uktam (उक्तम्) | nominative singular, neuter | it was said. Pointing back to verse 9, the cognition appearing in a certain way. |
| yathā (यथा) | indeclinable | as. |
| tad-ābhāsā (तद्-आभासा) | nominative singular, feminine | having that appearance. |
| vijñaptiḥ (विज्ञप्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | the cognition. |
| smaraṇam (स्मरणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | memory. |
| tatas (तत) | indeclinable | from that. From the cognition, not from an object met again. |
| svapne (स्वप्ने) | locative singular, masculine | in a dream. |
| dṛś-viṣaya-abhāvam (दृश्-विषय-अभावम्) | accusative singular, masculine | the absence of the object of sight. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| aprabuddhaḥ (अप्रबुद्धः) | nominative singular, masculine | one who has not woken. The file writes nāprabuddho (नाप्रबुद्धो), na (न) plus aprabuddhaḥ (अप्रबुद्धः). |
| avagacchati (अवगच्छति) | present, third person singular | he understands. With na (न): he does not understand. |
The phrases
Memory is not a second witness of an outer object. It is the trace of a cognition that already had an appearance. The dreamer, while inside the dream, does not notice that the seen object is absent. Waking does not, by itself, step outside that situation.
tataḥ (ततः) answers 'memory from what?' From the appearing cognition.
Sanskrit in this line
aprabuddhaḥ (अप्रबुद्धः) is a- (अ-) plus prabuddha (प्रबुद्ध), not awakened. The na (न) in front is a second negation only in appearance. na aprabuddhaḥ avagacchati (न अप्रबुद्धः अवगच्छति) is 'the unawakened one does not understand,' the a- (अ-) and the na (न) on different words.
Say it back
Where does memory come from, on this verse?