19
Viṃśatikā / All 22 verses / 19
मरणं परविज्ञप्तिविशेषाद् विक्रिया यथा स्मृतिलोपादिका अन्येषां पिशाचादि-मनोवशात्
maraṇaṃ paravijñaptiviśeṣād vikriyā yathā smṛtilopādikā anyeṣāṃ piśācādi-manovaśāt
The line
Death is an alteration coming from a particularity of another's cognition, as loss of memory and the like, in other people, come from the sway of a piśāca-mind (पिशाच-मिन्द्) and such.
नेपालीमा
मृत्यु अर्काको ज्ञानको विशेषताबाट आउने फेरबदल हो, जसरी अरू मानिसमा स्मृति हराउनु आदि पिशाचको मन आदिको वशबाट आउँछ।
Where it sits
Verse 18 was about agreement. Verse 19 is about harm. Both are relations between streams, with no extra object required.
Split: maraṇam (मरणम्) + para-vijñapti-viśeṣāt (पर-विज्ञप्ति-विशेषात्) + vikriyā (विक्रिया) + yathā (यथा) + smṛti-lopa-ādikā (स्मृति-लोप-आदिका) + anyeṣām (अन्येषाम्) + piśāca-ādi-manas-vaśāt (पिशाच-आदि-मनस्-वशात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| maraṇam (मरणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | death. |
| para-vijñapti-viśeṣāt (पर-विज्ञप्ति-विशेषात्) | ablative singular, masculine | from a particularity of another's vijñapti (विज्ञप्ति). para (पर) is the other person. viśeṣa (विशेष) is a specific kind. |
| vikriyā (विक्रिया) | nominative singular, feminine | an alteration, a change. |
| yathā (यथा) | indeclinable | as. |
| smṛti-lopa-ādikā (स्मृति-लोप-आदिका) | nominative singular, feminine | beginning with loss of memory. lopa (लोप) is a dropping away. The file joins smṛtilopādikānyeṣāṃ (स्मृतिलोपादिकान्येषां). |
| anyeṣām (अन्येषाम्) | genitive plural, masculine | of others. |
| piśāca-ādi-manas-vaśāt (पिशाच-आदि-मनस्-वशात्) | ablative singular, masculine | from the sway of a piśāca (पिशाच) mind and the like. A piśāca (पिशाच) is a possessing spirit in the stories the verse is using. |
The phrases
Harm across persons does not require a physical object passing between them. Death can be a change set off by the particular shape of someone else's cognition, the way, in the stories, a person loses memory under the sway of a piśāca (पिशाच).
This answers a fear left from verse 2: if there is no object, how can one being injure another? Verse 20 will give the famous case of the forest emptied by a mental blow.
Sanskrit in this line
Two ablatives, viśeṣāt (विशेषात्) and vaśāt (वशात्), are two 'from's: from a particularity, and from a sway.
Say it back
What crosses from one stream to another, on this verse? A thing, or a particularity of cognition?