# Sight Reading (`reading.html`)

The clef chart, the Italian marks, and the Hanon score are the lookup on this page. The lessons are on [Sight Reading Practice](/sangeet-yatra/tools/sight-reading.html), with the piano drawn on that page. The chart is [Sight Reading](/sangeet-yatra/theory/western/sightreading.html). Rhythm room: [Dividing the beat](/sangeet-yatra/rhythm/dividing.md) names the note lengths you read.

Interactive page: [`reading.html`](reading.html). Twin of this document. Part of **After C**, after [Time signatures](time-signatures.md). [Highway Game](highway.md) is next.

The clef chart, the Italian dynamics list, and the Hanon score stay on this page as the lookup.

## Clef reference

- **Treble clef (𝄞)** — right hand / higher notes.
  - Lines (bottom→top): **E G B D F** — “Every Good Boy Does Fine”.
  - Spaces (bottom→top): **F A C E** — spells “FACE”.
  - Middle C is one ledger line **below** the staff.
- **Bass clef (𝄢)** — left hand / lower notes.
  - Lines (bottom→top): **G B D F A** — “Good Boys Do Fine Always”.
  - Spaces (bottom→top): **A C E G** — “All Cows Eat Grass”.
  - Middle C is one ledger line **above** the staff.

## Dynamics & tempo (reading the Italian)

Sheet music also uses Italian words for **how loud** and **how fast** — including the same *piano*
(soft) and *forte* (loud) that named the instrument.

- **Volume:** `pp` pianissimo (very soft) · `p` piano (soft) · `mp` mezzo-piano · `mf` mezzo-forte ·
  `f` forte (loud) · `ff` fortissimo (very loud). `<` crescendo = get louder; `>` diminuendo = softer.
- **Tempo** (slow → fast): Largo (40–60) · Adagio (66–76) · Andante (76–108, a "walking" pace) ·
  Moderato (108–120) · Allegro (120–168) · Presto (168–200) BPM.
- **Articulation:** *legato* (smooth, connected) vs *staccato* (short, detached). Use the pinned
  metronome to feel each tempo.

The lesson list lives on [Sight Reading](/sangeet-yatra/theory/western/sightreading.html). [Sight Reading Practice](/sangeet-yatra/tools/sight-reading.html) plays the current one, with the piano on that page.

## Hanon — read the sheet music (all 60 exercises)

Hanon's *The Virtuoso Pianist* (1873, public domain) is **60 finger exercises** in three parts. The
patterns are simple and repetitive, which makes them ideal **sight-reading fuel**: the eyes learn
stepwise motion, both clefs at once, and the finger patterns that recur in real music. Read a beat
*ahead* of your hands, keep your eyes on the page, and start slow — Hanon marks the metronome at
**60**, rising toward 108 only once every note is clean.

**Read *and hear* Part I** one exercise at a time — transcribed to notation with a play cursor and
keyboard — on the dedicated [Hanon Part I](hanon.md) page (under Technique & practice). This page keeps the
full engraved **score for all 60**, for reading.

- **All three parts are embedded** as the full engraved grand-staff score, with a **Part I / II / III
  selector** — scroll through and read right on the page. Bundled at `assets/hanon/hanon-part1.pdf`,
  `hanon-part2.pdf`, and `hanon-part3.pdf`. Part I: independence & strength · Part II: scales,
  arpeggios & broken chords · Part III: running octaves, repeated notes, trills & tremolos.
- **Hear / other keys:** Part I links (1–20) open each exercise's notation and a play-along recording
  on hanon-online.com; Part II and Part III index pages are one click away.
- **Downloads:** the three bundled PDFs, an alternate Part I engraving from the
  [Mutopia Project](https://www.mutopiaproject.org/) (CC BY-SA 4.0,
  `assets/hanon/hanon-part1-mutopia.pdf`), plus
  [IMSLP](https://imslp.org/wiki/The_Virtuoso_Pianist_(Hanon%2C_Charles-Louis)) and
  [hanon-online.com](https://www.hanon-online.com/) (all keys, with audio).

The music itself is public domain (Hanon, 1873); the alternate Part I engraving is CC BY-SA 4.0.

## Notes

- Rendered with inline SVG (staff lines, clef glyph, ledger lines, notehead) — no images or
  external fonts required. Clef glyphs use the Unicode Musical Symbols block.
- Audio and live input come from `js/piano-core.js` (`playMidi`, `enableMIDI`, `enableMic`,
  `onInput`).