The Upaniṣads / Īśāvāsya / 10 Other, and other
10
अन्यदेवाहुर् विद्ययान्यदाहुरविद्यया ।
इति शुश्रुम धीराणां ये नस् तद् विचचक्षिरे anyad evāhur vidyayānyad āhur avidyayā |
iti śuśruma dhīrāṇāṃ ye nas tad vicacakṣire
The line
One thing, they say, by knowing. Another, they say, by unknowing. Thus we heard from the wise who laid that out for us.
नेपालीमा
एक कुरा ज्ञानबाट हुन्छ भनी उनीहरू भन्छन्, अर्को अज्ञानबाट हुन्छ भनी उनीहरू भन्छन्। यसरी त्यो हाम्रा लागि खोलिदिने ज्ञानीहरूबाट हामीले सुन्यौं।
Where it sits
The two are different results, not one result with two names. Mantra 11 is the person who takes both.
Split: anyat (अन्यत्) + eva (एव) + āhuḥ (आहुः) + vidyayā (विद्यया) + anyat (अन्यत्) + āhuḥ (आहुः) + avidyayā (अविद्यया) + iti (इति) + śuśruma (शुश्रुम) + dhīrāṇām (धीराणाम्) + ye (ये) + naḥ (नः) + tat (तत्) + vicacakṣire (विचचक्षिरे)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| anyat (अन्यत्) | nominative singular, neuter | A different thing. Heard anyad (अन्यद्) before eva (एव). |
| eva (एव) | indeclinable | Quite. Joins āhuḥ (आहुः): evāhuḥ (एवाहुः). |
| āhuḥ (आहुः) | perfect, third person plural | They say. |
| vidyayā (विद्यया) | instrumental singular, feminine | By knowing. Joins the next anyat (अन्यत्): vidyayānyad (विद्ययान्यद्). |
| anyat (अन्यत्) | nominative singular, neuter | A different thing, again. |
| āhuḥ (आहुः) | perfect, third person plural | They say. |
| avidyayā (अविद्यया) | instrumental singular, feminine | By unknowing. |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | Closes what was heard. |
| śuśruma (शुश्रुम) | perfect, first person plural | We have heard. From śru (श्रु). |
| dhīrāṇām (धीराणाम्) | genitive plural, masculine | Of the wise. From whom. |
| ye (ये) | nominative plural, masculine | Who. |
| naḥ (नः) | dative, or accusative, plural | To us. Heard nas (न) before tat (तत्). |
| tat (तत्) | accusative singular, neuter | That. Heard tad (तद्). |
| vicacakṣire (विचचक्षिरे) | perfect, third person plural, ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद) | They explained. From vi-cakṣ (वि-चक्ष्). |
The phrases
They say one thing comes of knowing, and another of unknowing.
So we have heard from the wise, who explained that to us.
Sanskrit in this line
Anyat (अन्यत्) plus eva (एव) is anyad eva (अन्यदेव). Eva (एव) plus āhuḥ (आहुः) is evāhuḥ (एवाहुः).
Vidyayā (विद्यया) plus anyat (अन्यत्) is vidyayānyad (विद्ययान्यद्). Short ā (आ) plus short a (अ) is ā (आ).
Naḥ (नः) before tat (तत्) is nas tad (नस् तद्). A visarga before t (त्) is heard as s (स्).
Say it back
Say the two instrumentals, and who the speakers of śuśruma (शुश्रुम) heard it from.