The Upaniṣads / Īśāvāsya / 5 Moves and does not
5
तदेजति तन् नैजति तद् दूरे तद् वन्तिके ।
तदन्तरस्य सर्वस्य तदु सर्वस्यास्य बाह्यतः tad ejati tan naijati tad dūre tad v antike |
tad antar asya sarvasya tad u sarvasyāsya bāhyataḥ
The line
That moves. That does not move. That is far. That is near. That is inside all this. That is outside all this.
नेपालीमा
त्यो चल्छ र त्यो चल्दैन, त्यो टाढा छ र त्यो नजिक छ। त्यो यो सबभित्र छ र त्यो यो सबबाहिर छ।
Where it sits
Mantra 4 said unmoving and swifter. This mantra keeps both sides in paired clauses. Mantra 6 will say how a person sees that.
Split: tat (तत्) + ejati (एजति) + tat (तत्) + na (न) + ejati (एजति) + tat (तत्) + dūre (दूरे) + tat (तत्) + u (उ) + antike (अन्तिके) + tat (तत्) + antar (अन्तर्) + asya (अस्य) + sarvasya (सर्वस्य) + tat (तत्) + u (उ) + sarvasya (सर्वस्य) + asya (अस्य) + bāhyataḥ (बाह्यतः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tat (तत्) | nominative singular, neuter | That. The one of mantra 4. Repeated through the verse. |
| ejati (एजति) | present, third person singular | It moves, it trembles. From ej (एज्). |
| na ejati (न एजति) | not, plus the verb | It does not move. Heard naijati (नैजति): na (न) plus ejati (एजति). |
| dūre (दूरे) | locative singular, neuter | Far. |
| u (उ) | indeclinable | And. Heard tad v antike (तद् वन्तिके): u (उ) before a vowel becomes v (व्). |
| antike (अन्तिके) | locative singular, neuter | Near. |
| antar (अन्तर्) | indeclinable | Inside. |
| asya sarvasya (अस्य सर्वस्य) | genitive singular, neuter | Of all this. |
| sarvasya asya (सर्वस्य अस्य) | genitive singular, neuter | Of all this, reversed. Heard sarvasyāsya (सर्वस्यास्य). |
| bāhyataḥ (बाह्यतः) | indeclinable | On the outside. |
The phrases
Four pairs. It moves and it does not. It is far and it is near.
It is inside all this, and it is outside all this.
Sanskrit in this line
Tat (तत्) before a vowel or a voiced sound is tad (तद्). Tad ejati (तदेजति), tad dūre (तद् दूरे).
Tat na ejati (तत् न एजति) is tan naijati (तन् नैजति). t (त्) before n (न्) becomes n (न्), and na (न) plus e (ए) is nai (नै).
Tat u antike (ततु अन्तिके) is tad v antike (तद् वन्तिके). u (उ) before a vowel is v (व्).
Sarvasya (सर्वस्य) plus asya (अस्य) is sarvasyāsya (सर्वस्यास्य).
Say it back
Say the three pairs: move, distance, inside and outside.