7
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 1–21, the two realities / 7
अतिदूरात् सामीप्यादिन्द्रियघातान् मनोऽनवस्थानात् सौक्ष्म्याद् व्यवधानादभिभवात् समानाभिहाराच् च
atidūrāt sāmīpyād indriyaghātān mano'navasthānāt saukṣmyād vyavadhānād abhibhavāt samānābhihārāc ca
The line
Something is unperceived because it is too far or too near, because a sense is damaged, because attention will not rest, because it is subtle, screened, overpowered, or lost among its likes.
नेपालीमा
कुनै कुरा अति टाढा वा अति नजिक भएकाले, इन्द्रिय बिग्रेकाले, ध्यान नअडिएकाले, सूक्ष्म, छोपिएको, थिचिएको, वा उस्तैमा हराएकाले नदेखिन्छ।
Where it sits
This list is a tool against a lazy inference: 'I do not see it, so it is not there.' The next verse uses the tool on root nature.
Split: atidūrāt (अतिदूरात्) + sāmīpyāt (सामीप्यात्) + indriya-ghātāt (इन्द्रिय-घातात्) + manas-anavasthānāt (मनस्-अनवस्थानात्) + saukṣmyāt (सौक्ष्म्यात्) + vyavadhānāt (व्यवधानात्) + abhibhavāt (अभिभवात्) + samāna-abhihārāt (समान-अभिहारात्) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| atidūrāt (अतिदूरात्) | ablative singular | from being too far. |
| sāmīpyāt (सामीप्यात्) | ablative singular | from being too near. |
| indriya-ghātāt (इन्द्रिय-घातात्) | ablative singular | from damage to the sense. |
| manas-anavasthānāt (मनस्-अनवस्थानात्) | ablative singular | from the mind not standing still. manas (मन) is the mind as attention. anavasthāna (अनवस्थान) is unsteadiness. |
| saukṣmyāt (सौक्ष्म्यात्) | ablative singular | from subtlety. |
| vyavadhānāt (व्यवधानात्) | ablative singular | from a screen, something standing between. |
| abhibhavāt (अभिभवात्) | ablative singular | from being overpowered, as a lamp by the sun. |
| samāna-abhihārāt (समान-अभिहारात्) | ablative singular | from being mixed in with what is similar, as one drop of milk in a jar of milk. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
The phrases
Eight ablatives, eight reasons a real thing is not perceived. The verse does not say 'non-perception proves absence.' It says the opposite. Non-perception has ordinary causes.
The one that will matter for prakṛti (प्रकृति) is saukṣmyāt (सौक्ष्म्यात्), subtlety. Verse 8 names it.
Sanskrit in this line
Eight ablatives in a row, and no verb. The verb 'it is not grasped' is waiting in verse 8, anupalabdhi (अनुपलब्धि). A kārikā (कारिका) may hold the reasons in one verse and the conclusion in the next. That is a kind of anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति) across a verse boundary.
Say it back
Give two of the eight reasons from your own life, then say the one that will be used of prakṛti (प्रकृति).