14
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 1–21, the two realities / 14
अविवेक्यादि हि सिद्धं त्रैगुण्यात् तद्विपर्ययाभावात् कारणगुणात्मकत्वात् कार्यस्याव्यक्तमपि सिद्धम्
avivekyādi hi siddhaṃ traiguṇyāt tadviparyayābhāvāt kāraṇaguṇātmakatvāt kāryasyāvyaktam api siddham
The line
The undiscriminating and the other shared traits are established from the three strands, and from the absence of those traits where the strands are absent. Because an effect is made of its cause's properties, the unmanifest is established as having them too.
नेपालीमा
अविवेक र अरू साझा लक्षण तीन गुणबाट सिद्ध हुन्छन्, र गुण नभएको ठाउँमा ती लक्षण नभएकाले पनि सिद्ध हुन्छन्। कार्य कारणका धर्मबाट बनेको हुने भएकाले अव्यक्तमा पनि ती छन् भनी सिद्ध हुन्छ।
Where it sits
The likeness half of verse 8 is now argued. The unlikeness half is verse 10's list, still waiting for its own reasons in verses 15 and 16.
Split: aviveki-ādi (अविवेकि-आदि) + hi (हि) + siddham (सिद्धम्) + traiguṇyāt (त्रैगुण्यात्) + tad-viparyaya-abhāvāt (तद्-विपर्यय-अभावात्) + kāraṇa-guṇa-ātmakatvāt (कारण-गुण-आत्मकत्वात्) + kāryasya (कार्यस्य) + avyaktam (अव्यक्तम्) + api (अपि) + siddham (सिद्धम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| aviveki-ādi (अविवेकि-आदि) | nominative singular, neuter | the undiscriminating and the rest. The list in verse 11. |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for, because. |
| siddham (सिद्धम्) | nominative singular, neuter | established. |
| traiguṇyāt (त्रैगुण्यात्) | ablative singular | from the fact of having three strands. The manifest is three strands, so it has those traits. |
| tad-viparyaya-abhāvāt (तद्-विपर्यय-अभावात्) | ablative singular | because the opposite of that is absent. Where the three strands are not, those traits are not. So the traits track the strands. |
| kāraṇa-guṇa-ātmakatvāt (कारण-गुण-आत्मकत्वात्) | ablative singular | because the effect is of the nature of the cause's properties. From verse 9. |
| kāryasya (कार्यस्य) | genitive singular | of the effect. |
| avyaktam (अव्यक्तम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the unmanifest. |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | also. |
| siddham (सिद्धम्) | nominative singular, neuter | established. Said again, now of the unmanifest. |
The phrases
The traits of verse 11 were seen in the manifest. This verse moves them onto the unmanifest.
The bridge is satkārya (सत्कार्य). If the effect is of the cause's nature, and the effect is three strands, undiscriminating, objective, and unseeing, then the cause is those things too. api (अपि) is the word that makes the move: the unmanifest also.
Sanskrit in this line
avivekyādi (अविवेक्यादि) is a compound of the type 'X and the rest.' The last member ādi (आदि) means beginning, and in this idiom it means 'and what follows from that starting item.' kāryasya (कार्यस्य) is genitive, 'of the effect,' depending on ātmakatva (आत्मकत्व), the being-of-the-nature.
Say it back
Say the rule in one line: the effect shows the cause.