24
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 24
अभिमानोऽहङ्कारस् तस्माद् द्विविधः प्रवर्तते सर्गः एकादशकश् च गणस् तन्मात्रः पञ्चकश् चैव
abhimāno 'haṅkāras tasmād dvividhaḥ pravartate sargaḥ ekādaśakaś ca gaṇas tanmātraḥ pañcakaś caiva
The line
The I-maker is conceit. From it, creation proceeds in two ways: the group of eleven, and the five subtle elements.
नेपालीमा
अहङ्कार अभिमान हो। त्यसबाट सृष्टि दुई प्रकारले अघि बढ्छ: एघारको समूह र पाँच सूक्ष्म भूत।
Where it sits
The eleven are the person's instruments. The five subtle elements are the seed of the world he meets. One I-maker, two offspring. That is why verse 3 could call ahaṅkāra (अहङ्कार) both a product and a producer.
Split: abhimānaḥ (अभिमानः) + ahaṅkāraḥ (अहङ्कारः) + tasmāt (तस्मात्) + dvi-vidhaḥ (द्वि-विधः) + pravartate (प्रवर्तते) + sargaḥ (सर्गः) + ekādaśakaḥ (एकादशकः) + ca (च) + gaṇaḥ (गणः) + tanmātraḥ (तन्मात्रः) + pañcakaḥ (पञ्चकः) + ca (च) + eva (एव)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| abhimānaḥ (अभिमानः) | nominative singular, masculine | conceit, the staking of a claim: mine, I. |
| ahaṅkāraḥ (अहङ्कारः) | nominative singular, masculine | the I-maker. |
| dvi-vidhaḥ (द्वि-विधः) | nominative singular, masculine | of two kinds. |
| pravartate (प्रवर्तते) | present, third person singular | proceeds. |
| sargaḥ (सर्गः) | nominative singular, masculine | creation, the emitting. |
| ekādaśakaḥ gaṇaḥ (एकादशकः गणः) | nominative singular, masculine | the group of eleven. Mind plus ten senses. |
| tanmātraḥ pañcakaḥ (तन्मात्रः पञ्चकः) | nominative singular, masculine | the pentad of subtle elements. tanmātra (तन्मात्र) is 'only that,' the bare sensation before a gross element: sound, touch, color, taste, smell. |
The phrases
abhimānaḥ (अभिमानः) defines ahaṅkāraḥ (अहङ्कारः) the way adhyavasāyaḥ (अध्यवसायः) defined buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः).
The two creations are not the sattva and tamas of verse 23. They are two products: the elevenfold instrument, and the five subtle elements. Verse 25 says which side of the I-maker each comes from.
Sanskrit in this line
'haṅkāras (ऽहङ्कार) is ahaṅkāraḥ (अहङ्कारः) with the initial a (अ) dropped after a visarga that has become o (ओ). Same join as puruṣo 'sti (पुरुषोऽस्ति).
Say it back
Define ahaṅkāra (अहङ्कार) with abhimāna (अभिमान), then name the two groups by their counts.