35
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 35
सान्तःकरणा बुद्धिः सर्वं विषयमवगाहते यस्मात् तस्मात् त्रिविधं करणं द्वारि द्वाराणि शेषाणि
sāntaḥkaraṇā buddhiḥ sarvaṃ viṣayam avagāhate yasmāt tasmāt trividhaṃ karaṇaṃ dvāri dvārāṇi śeṣāṇi
The line
Because intellect, with the inner instrument, enters every object, the threefold instrument is the warden and the rest are gates.
नेपालीमा
बुद्धि भित्री करणसँगै हरेक विषयमा पस्ने भएकाले तीन करण द्वारपाल हुन् र बाँकी ढोका हुन्।
Where it sits
Verse 36 says what the gates deliver, and to whom. Verse 37 says intellect also does the one job that ends the creation: telling person from nature.
Split: sa-antaḥkaraṇā (स-अन्तःकरणा) + buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः) + sarvam (सर्वम्) + viṣayam (विषयम्) + avagāhate (अवगाहते) + yasmāt (यस्मात्) + tasmāt (तस्मात्) + tri-vidham (त्रि-विधम्) + karaṇam (करणम्) + dvāri (द्वारि) + dvārāṇi (द्वाराणि) + śeṣāṇi (शेषाणि)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sa-antaḥkaraṇā (स-अन्तःकरणा) | nominative singular, feminine | together with the inner instrument. sa- (स-) is 'with.' It agrees with buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः). |
| buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः) | nominative singular, feminine | intellect. |
| sarvam viṣayam (सर्वम् विषयम्) | accusative singular, masculine | every object. |
| avagāhate (अवगाहते) | present, third person singular | plunges into, enters fully. |
| yasmāt (यस्मात्) | ablative singular | because. The reason clause. |
| tasmāt (तस्मात्) | ablative singular | therefore. |
| tri-vidham karaṇam (त्रि-विधम् करणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the threefold instrument. The inner three. |
| dvāri (द्वारि) | nominative singular, neuter | the doorkeeper, the warden. |
| dvārāṇi (द्वाराणि) | nominative plural, neuter | the gates. |
| śeṣāṇi (शेषाणि) | nominative plural, neuter | the rest. The ten senses. |
The phrases
yasmāt ... tasmāt (यस्मात् ... तस्मात्) is because ... therefore. Intellect can enter every object, so the inner three are the wardens and the senses are doors.
A door does not decide who comes in. The warden does. This matches verse 28: the senses notice, the intellect determines.
Sanskrit in this line
yasmāt (यस्मात्) and tasmāt (तस्मात्) are a pair. When you see yasmāt (यस्मात्), wait for tasmāt (तस्मात्). They are ablatives of the relative and the demonstrative used as 'because' and 'therefore.'
Say it back
In one sentence: who is the door, and who is the warden?