37
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 37
सर्वं प्रत्युपभोगं यस्मात् पुरुषस्य साधयति बुद्धिः सैव च विशिनष्टि पुनः प्रधानपुरुषान्तरं सूक्ष्मम्
sarvaṃ pratyupabhogaṃ yasmāt puruṣasya sādhayati buddhiḥ saiva ca viśinaṣṭi punaḥ pradhānapuruṣāntaraṃ sūkṣmam
The line
Since intellect accomplishes every experience of the person, that same intellect also distinguishes the subtle difference between nature and the person.
नेपालीमा
बुद्धिले पुरुषको हरेक भोग सिद्ध गर्ने भएकाले त्यही बुद्धिले प्रकृति र पुरुषको सूक्ष्म भेद पनि छुट्याउँछ।
Where it sits
This is the hinge of the kārikā (कारिका). Everything before it built the machine. Everything after it is what the machine is made of in detail, how it wanders, and how the discrimination ends the wandering. If you only memorize one line from the middle of the book, memorize this one.
Split: sarvam (सर्वम्) + prati-upabhogam (प्रति-उपभोगम्) + yasmāt (यस्मात्) + puruṣasya (पुरुषस्य) + sādhayati (साधयति) + buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः) + sā (सा) + eva (एव) + ca (च) + viśinaṣṭi (विशिनष्टि) + punaḥ (पुनः) + pradhāna-puruṣa-antaram (प्रधान-पुरुष-अन्तरम्) + sūkṣmam (सूक्ष्मम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sarvam prati-upabhogam (सर्वम् प्रति-उपभोगम्) | accusative | every experience, each enjoyment turned toward an object. |
| yasmāt (यस्मात्) | ablative | since. |
| puruṣasya (पुरुषस्य) | genitive | of the person. |
| sādhayati (साधयति) | present, third person singular | accomplishes, brings to completion. |
| buddhiḥ (बुद्धिः) | nominative singular, feminine | intellect. |
| sā eva (सा एव) | nominative singular, feminine | that very one. Intellect, not a further organ. |
| viśinaṣṭi (विशिनष्टि) | present, third person singular | distinguishes, sorts apart. From vi-śiṣ (वि-शिष्). |
| punaḥ (पुनः) | indeclinable | again. After serving experience, it can do this other work. |
| pradhāna-puruṣa-antaram (प्रधान-पुरुष-अन्तरम्) | accusative singular, neuter | the difference between nature and the person. antara (अन्तर) is a gap, a difference. |
| sūkṣmam (सूक्ष्मम्) | accusative singular, neuter | subtle. The difference is not a visible seam. |
The phrases
One organ, two jobs. buddhi (बुद्धि) carries out experience. The same buddhi (बुद्धि) can tell pradhāna (प्रधान) from puruṣa (पुरुष). Liberation is not a new faculty arriving. It is intellect's second use.
The difference is sūkṣma (सूक्ष्म). Verse 8 used subtlety of nature as the reason nature is unseen. The difference is subtle for the same kind of reason. It is known by the discrimination the rest of the book is for.
Sanskrit in this line
sā eva (सा एव) is feminine because buddhi (बुद्धि) is feminine. viśinaṣṭi (विशिनष्टि) is a strong present, third person singular. You do not need the paradigm. You need to hear it as one verb, 'sorts apart.'
Say it back
Two jobs of buddhi (बुद्धि), in your own words. Then the Sanskrit for the second object: pradhāna-puruṣāntara (प्रधान-पुरुषान्तर).