64
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 56–68, the end / 64
एवं तत्त्वाभ्यासान् नास्मि न मे नाहमित्यपरिशेषमविपर्ययाद् विशुद्धं केवलमुत्पद्यते ज्ञानम्
evaṃ tattvābhyāsān nāsmi na me nāham ity apariśeṣam aviparyayād viśuddhaṃ kevalam utpadyate jñānam
The line
From practice of the principles in this way, knowledge arises, without remainder, pure, and alone, because it is not an error: I am not, it is not mine, not I.
नेपालीमा
यसरी तत्त्वको अभ्यासबाट बाँकी नरहेको, शुद्ध र एक्लो ज्ञान उठ्छ, किनकि त्यो भ्रम होइन: म छैन, यो मेरो होइन, म होइन।
Where it sits
Verse 65 is the person after this sentence has arisen. He sees nature whose production has stopped. He is like a spectator, and he is well.
Split: evam (एवम्) + tattva-abhyāsāt (तत्त्व-अभ्यासात्) + na (न) + asmi (अस्मि) + na (न) + me (मे) + na (न) + aham (अहम्) + iti (इति) + apariśeṣam (अपरिशेषम्) + aviparyayāt (अविपर्ययात्) + viśuddham (विशुद्धम्) + kevalam (केवलम्) + utpadyate (उत्पद्यते) + jñānam (ज्ञानम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| evam (एवम्) | indeclinable | thus. In the way the book has taught. |
| tattva-abhyāsāt (तत्त्व-अभ्यासात्) | ablative | from repeated practice of the tattvas. abhyāsa (अभ्यास) is the same word as Yoga's practice. Here it is going over the principles until they are not a list. |
| na asmi (न अस्मि) | first person | I am not. I am not this product. |
| na me (न मे) | genitive | not mine. |
| na aham (न अहम्) | nominative | not I. The I-maker's claim is refused. |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | thus. The content of the knowledge, quoted. |
| apariśeṣam (अपरिशेषम्) | accusative or adverb | without remainder. The whole of it. |
| aviparyayāt (अविपर्ययात्) | ablative | because it is without error. Or: knowledge which is non-error. |
| viśuddham (विशुद्धम्) | nominative singular, neuter | entirely clean. |
| kevalam (केवलम्) | nominative singular, neuter | alone, only that. kevala (केवल) is the adjective behind kaivalya (कैवल्य). |
| utpadyate (उत्पद्यते) | present | it arises. |
| jñānam (ज्ञानम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the knowledge. |
The phrases
Three refusals: nāsmi (नास्मि), na me (न मे), nāham (नाहम्). They answer the I-maker. I am not the body, the intellect, the strands. They are not mine. The 'I' that claims them is not the person.
abhyāsāt (अभ्यासात्) says the knowledge is not a sentence you agree with once. It arises from repetition of the tattvas. Yoga's abhyāsa (अभ्यास) is the sister practice, aimed at stillness. This abhyāsa (अभ्यास) is aimed at discrimination. They meet.
Sanskrit in this line
nāsmi (नास्मि) is na asmi (न अस्मि). me (मे) is the enclitic 'of me,' 'mine.' iti (इति) closes the quoted knowledge. The subject of utpadyate (उत्पद्यते) is jñānam (ज्ञानम्), at the end.
Say it back
Say the three refusals in Sanskrit, then in English.