13
Viṃśatikā / All 22 verses / 13
परमाणोरसंयोगे तत्सङ्घातेऽस्ति कस्य सः न च अनवयवत्वेन तत्संयोगो न सिध्यति
paramāṇor asaṃyoge tatsaṅghāte 'sti kasya saḥ na ca anavayavatvena tatsaṃyogo na sidhyati
The line
If the atom is not in conjunction, whose is the conjunction in that heap? And by its having no parts, that conjunction is not established.
नेपालीमा
यदि परमाणु संयोगमा छैन भने त्यो थुप्रोको संयोग कसको हो? र भाग नभएकाले त्यो संयोग सिद्ध हुँदैन।
Where it sits
Verse 12 split the atom into a dilemma. Verse 13 says 'conjunction' cannot be the glue that saves it. Verse 14 adds shadow and covering: they need a thing with sides.
Split: paramāṇoḥ (परमाणोः) + asaṃyoge (असंयोगे) + tat-saṅghāte (तत्-सङ्घाते) + asti (अस्ति) + kasya (कस्य) + saḥ (सः) + na (न) + ca (च) + anavayava-tvena (अनवयव-त्वेन) + tat-saṃyogaḥ (तत्-संयोगः) + na (न) + sidhyati (सिध्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| paramāṇoḥ (परमाणोः) | genitive singular, masculine | of the atom. Written paramāṇor (परमाणोर्) before the vowel. |
| asaṃyoge (असंयोगे) | locative singular, masculine | when there is no saṃyoga (संयोग), no conjunction. |
| tat-saṅghāte (तत्-सङ्घाते) | locative singular, masculine | in the heap of those. |
| asti (अस्ति) | present, third person singular | there is. |
| kasya (कस्य) | genitive singular | of whom, whose. |
| saḥ (सः) | nominative singular, masculine | that. The conjunction the heap was supposed to have. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| anavayava-tvena (अनवयव-त्वेन) | instrumental singular, neuter | by being without avayavas (अवयव), parts. |
| tat-saṃyogaḥ (तत्-संयोगः) | nominative singular, masculine | that conjunction. |
| na (न) | indeclinable | not. |
| sidhyati (सिध्यति) | present, third person singular | is established. |
The phrases
Conjunction needs something that joins. If the single atom does not join, the heap has nobody whose conjunction it is. If you say the atom joins as a whole because it has no parts, that conjunction is exactly what does not get proved.
The second na (न) belongs with sidhyati (सिध्यति). Read na sidhyati (न सिध्यति) together.
Sanskrit in this line
A locative absolute, asaṃyoge (असंयोगे), is 'when there is no conjunction.' kasya (कस्य) asks for the owner of saḥ (सः).
Say it back
Who would own the conjunction, if the atom has none?