Lesson 9: Neuter Plural
Index · Lesson 8: Feminine Plural · Lesson 10: I and You
Lesson 5 was one book. The subject and the object were both पुस्तकम्. More than one book is पुस्तकानि, and the subject and the object are still the same word. The number is बहुवचन, the same as Lesson 7.
The other jobs match the men in Lesson 7. “Of the books” is पुस्तकानाम्, the same -आनाम् as छात्राणाम्.
Cases: neuter plural
| Case | Form | Job | A whole sentence | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | पुस्तकानि | what | पुस्तकानि सन्ति। | “There are books.” पुस्तकहरू छन्। |
| Object | पुस्तकानि | the things received | सः पुस्तकानि पठति। | “He reads the books.” ऊ पुस्तकहरू पढ्छ। |
| With, by | पुस्तकैः | by means of | सः पुस्तकैः पठति। | “He studies by means of the books.” |
| For | पुस्तकेभ्यः | for the books | इदं पुस्तकेभ्यः अस्ति। | “This is for the books.” The same form is “from the books.” |
| From | पुस्तकेभ्यः | from | अहं पुस्तकेभ्यः पठामि। | “I read from the books.” |
| Of | पुस्तकानाम् | of the books | पुस्तकानां नाम। | “The books’ names.” |
| In, at | पुस्तकेषु | in | पुस्तकेषु ज्ञानम् अस्ति। | “Knowledge is in the books.” |
| Calling | पुस्तकानि | calling the things | हे पुस्तकानि। |
जलम्, “water,” stays singular. गृहम्, “house,” takes this column. गृहाणि means “houses,” the subject or the object. गृहेषु means “in the houses.” Lesson 5’s गृहे was one house.
कानि means “what,” for more than one neuter thing. It is the plural of किम्. तानि कानि सन्ति। “What are those?” ती के के हुन्?
| Sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|
| तानि पुस्तकानि सन्ति। | Those are books. तानि means “those,” the neuter “they” from Lesson 3. |
| अहं पुस्तकानि पश्यामि। | I see the books. |
| छात्राः गृहेषु सन्ति। | The students are in the houses. |
Practice
- Say पुस्तकानि सन्ति and सः पुस्तकानि पठति, and notice that पुस्तकानि did not change.
- Say छात्राः गृहेषु सन्ति, “the students are in the houses.”
- Point at several things and say तानि कानि सन्ति।
Next
Lesson 10: I and You is the other jobs of अहम् and त्वम्.