The Upaniṣads / Kaṭha / 4.10 Here and there
4.10
यदेवेह तदमुत्र यदमुत्र तदन्विह ।
मृत्योः स मृत्युमाप्नोति य इह नानेव पश्यति yad eveha tad amutra yad amutra tad anv iha |
mṛtyoḥ sa mṛtyum āpnoti ya iha nāneva paśyati
The line
Just what is here, that is there. What is there, that is here as well. He reaches death after death, who sees here as if it were many.
नेपालीमा
जे यहाँ छ त्यही त्यहाँ छ, र जे त्यहाँ छ त्यही यहाँ पनि छ। जसले यहाँलाई अनेकझैँ देख्छ ऊ मृत्युपछि मृत्युमा पुग्छ।
Where it sits
4.11 will say the same with the mind as the means, and will say there is no plurality here.
Split: yat eva iha (यतेव इह) + tat amutra (ततमुत्र) + yat amutra tat anu iha (यतमुत्र ततनु इह) + mṛtyoḥ saḥ mṛtyum āpnoti (मृत्योः सः मृत्युमाप्नोति) + yaḥ iha nānā iva paśyati (यः इह नाना इव पश्यति)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yat eva iha (यतेव इह) | just what is here | Heard yad eveha (यदेवेह). |
| tat amutra (ततमुत्र) | that is there | Heard tad amutra (तदमुत्र). |
| yat amutra tat anu iha (यतमुत्र ततनु इह) | what is there, that again is here | Heard tad anv iha (तदन्विह). |
| mṛtyoḥ saḥ mṛtyum āpnoti (मृत्योः सः मृत्युमाप्नोति) | he reaches death from death | Heard mṛtyoḥ sa mṛtyum āpnoti (मृत्योः स मृत्युमाप्नोति). |
| yaḥ iha nānā iva paśyati (यः इह नाना इव पश्यति) | who sees here as if many | Heard ya iha nāneva paśyati (य इह नानेव पश्यति). |
The phrases
What is here is there. Who sees as if there were plurality goes from death to death.
Sanskrit in this line
Nānā iva (नाना इव) is nāneva (नानेव). Iha (इह) joins eva (एव) as eveha (एवेह) in the first clause.
Say it back
Say what the seer of many reaches.