Vijñāna Bhairava / Bhairava answers (उत्तर) / 21
21
Vijñāna Bhairava (विज्ञान भैरव)
यथालोकेन दीपस्य किरणैर् भास्करस्य च ।
ज्ञायते दिग्विभागादि तद्वच् छक्त्या शिवः प्रिये yathālokena dīpasya kiraṇair bhāskarasya ca |
jñāyate digvibhāgādi tadvac chaktyā śivaḥ priye
The line
As the regions and their divisions are known by a lamp's light and by the sun's rays, so, beloved, Śiva (शिव) is known by śakti (शक्ति).
नेपालीमा
जसरी दियोको प्रकाशले र सूर्यका किरणले दिशा र विभाग चिनिन्छ, त्यसरी नै, हे प्रिये, शक्तिद्वारा शिव चिनिन्छन्।
Where it sits
His answer to the opening question pauses here. She speaks again at 22, and she asks for the means.
Split: yathā (यथा) + ālokena (आलोकेन) + dīpasya (दीपस्य) + kiraṇaiḥ (किरणैः) + bhāskarasya (भास्करस्य) + ca (च) + jñāyate (ज्ञायते) + digvibhāgādi (दिग्विभागादि) + tadvat (तद्वत्) + śaktyā (शक्त्या) + śivaḥ (शिवः) + priye (प्रिये)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| yathā (यथा) | indeclinable | as. |
| ālokena (आलोकेन) | instrumental singular, masculine | by light. |
| dīpasya (दीपस्य) | genitive singular, masculine | of a lamp. |
| kiraṇaiḥ (किरणैः) | instrumental plural, masculine | by the rays. Recited kiraṇair (किरणैर्) before bh (भ्). |
| bhāskarasya (भास्करस्य) | genitive singular, masculine | of the sun. |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and. |
| jñāyate (ज्ञायते) | present passive, third person singular | is known. |
| digvibhāgādi (दिग्विभागादि) | nominative singular, neuter | direction, division, and the rest. ādi (आदि) means beginning with, and the rest. |
| tadvat (तद्वत्) | indeclinable | so. Recited tadvac (तद्वच्) before ś (श्). |
| śaktyā (शक्त्या) | instrumental singular, feminine | by śakti (शक्ति). |
| śivaḥ (शिवः) | nominative singular, masculine | Śiva (शिव). |
| priye (प्रिये) | vocative singular, feminine | O beloved. |
The phrases
yathā (यथा) and tadvat (तद्वत्) make the comparison. Light and rays are the instrumentals of the picture. śaktyā (शक्त्या) is the instrumental of the claim. śivaḥ (शिवः) is what gets known.
Sanskrit in this line
tadvat (तद्वत्) before ś (श्) recites tadvac (तद्वच्). A final t (त्) before ś (श्) becomes c (च्).
Say it back
Give the comparison in one sentence: light is to the regions as śakti (शक्ति) is to whom?