27
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 27
उभयात्मकमत्र मनः सङ्कल्पकमिन्द्रियं च साधर्म्यात् गुणपरिणामविशेषान् नानात्वं बाह्यभेदाच् च
ubhayātmakam atra manaḥ saṅkalpakam indriyaṃ ca sādharmyāt guṇapariṇāmaviśeṣān nānātvaṃ bāhyabhedāc ca
The line
Mind here is of both kinds, and it is a sense, because it shares their property: it is what intends. The senses differ by the particular changes of the strands, and by differences outside.
नेपालीमा
यहाँ मन दुवै प्रकारको छ र इन्द्रिय हो, किनकि साझा धर्म यही हो कि त्यो संकल्प गर्ने हो। इन्द्रिय गुणका विशेष विकारले र बाहिरका भेदले फरक हुन्छन्।
Where it sits
You have the eleven. Verses 28 through 36 say what they do, not what they are. The doing is called vṛtti (वृत्ति), activity, the same word Yoga uses for the mind's turnings.
Split: ubhaya-ātmakam (उभय-आत्मकम्) + atra (अत्र) + manaḥ (मनः) + saṅkalpakam (सङ्कल्पकम्) + indriyam (इन्द्रियम्) + ca (च) + sādharmyāt (साधर्म्यात्) + guṇa-pariṇāma-viśeṣāt (गुण-परिणाम-विशेषात्) + nānātvam (नानात्वम्) + bāhya-bhedāt (बाह्य-भेदात्) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| ubhaya-ātmakam (उभय-आत्मकम्) | nominative singular, neuter | having the nature of both. Of knowing and of action. |
| atra (अत्र) | indeclinable | here, in this list. |
| manaḥ (मनः) | nominative singular, neuter | mind. Attention, the organ that proposes. Neuter of manas (मन). |
| saṅkalpakam (सङ्कल्पकम्) | nominative singular, neuter | constructing, intending. saṅkalpa (सङ्कल्प) is a putting-together, a plan, a wish. |
| indriyam (इन्द्रियम्) | nominative singular, neuter | a sense. |
| sādharmyāt (साधर्म्यात्) | ablative singular | because of a shared property. Mind works with the senses, so it is counted among them. |
| guṇa-pariṇāma-viśeṣāt (गुण-परिणाम-विशेषात्) | ablative singular | from the particular transformations of the strands. |
| nānātvam (नानात्वम्) | nominative singular, neuter | variety, many-ness. |
| bāhya-bhedāt (बाह्य-भेदात्) | ablative singular | from the differences outside, the different objects. |
The phrases
Mind is the eleventh. It belongs to both banks of verse 26 because intention serves knowing and doing.
Why are the senses not identical, if they all come from one I-maker? Because the strands transform in particular ways, and because the objects outside already differ. Variety has an inner cause and an outer one.
Sanskrit in this line
manaḥ (मनः) is nominative of manas (मन), a neuter in -as (-अस्), like rajaḥ (रजः). The visarga is the nominative, not a masculine ending you should decline further.
Say it back
Say why mind is counted as a sense, in one sentence.