28
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 28
शब्दादिषु पञ्चानामालोचनमात्रमिष्यते वृत्तिः वचनादानविहरणोत्सर्गानन्दाश् च पञ्चानाम्
śabdādiṣu pañcānām ālocanamātram iṣyate vṛttiḥ vacanādānaviharaṇotsargānandāś ca pañcānām
The line
Of the five knowing senses, the activity in sound and the rest is held to be bare noticing. Speaking, grasping, walking, excreting, and sexual pleasure are the activities of the other five.
नेपालीमा
पाँच जान्ने इन्द्रियमा शब्द आदिमा हुने काम केवल थाहा पाउनु मात्र मानिन्छ। बोल्नु, समात्नु, हिँड्नु, विसर्जन र रति अरू पाँचको काम हुन्।
Where it sits
Bare noticing is why intellect has to exist. If the eye already determined, buddhi (बुद्धि) would be idle. The stack is doing different jobs on one object.
Split: śabda-ādiṣu (शब्द-आदिषु) + pañcānām (पञ्चानाम्) + ālocana-mātram (आलोचन-मात्रम्) + iṣyate (इष्यते) + vṛttiḥ (वृत्तिः) + vacana-ādāna-viharaṇa-utsarga-ānandāḥ (वचन-आदान-विहरण-उत्सर्ग-आनन्दाः) + ca (च) + pañcānām (पञ्चानाम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| śabda-ādiṣu (शब्द-आदिषु) | locative plural | in sound and the rest. The five objects. |
| pañcānām (पञ्चानाम्) | genitive plural | of the five. First the knowing five, then the acting five. |
| ālocana-mātram (आलोचन-मात्रम्) | nominative singular, neuter | mere beholding, bare noticing, before the intellect determines. |
| iṣyate (इष्यते) | present passive, third person singular | is held, is accepted. |
| vṛttiḥ (वृत्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | the activity. |
| vacana (वचन) | stem | speaking. |
| ādāna (आदान) | stem | taking, grasping. |
| viharaṇa (विहरण) | stem | walking about. |
| utsarga (उत्सर्ग) | stem | releasing, excretion. |
| ānanda (आनन्द) | stem | pleasure, here the function of the generative organ. |
The phrases
A knowing sense, left to itself, only notices. Determining belongs to intellect, verse 23. Intention belongs to mind, verse 27. The eye does not judge. It presents.
Each acting sense has one verb-like noun. Speech speaks. The hand takes. The foot ranges. The rest release or enjoy.
Sanskrit in this line
iṣyate (इष्यते) is passive of the root iṣ (इष्), to accept. The verse marks this as the school's position. pañcānām (पञ्चानाम्) is genitive, 'of the five,' said twice so each row has an owner.
Say it back
Give the eye's vṛtti (वृत्ति) in two words: not judging, noticing.