33
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 33
अन्तःकरणं त्रिविधं दशधा बाह्यं त्रयस्य विषयाख्यम् साम्प्रतकालं बाह्यं त्रिकालमाभ्यन्तरं करणम्
antaḥkaraṇaṃ trividhaṃ daśadhā bāhyaṃ trayasya viṣayākhyam sāmpratakālaṃ bāhyaṃ trikālam ābhyantaraṃ karaṇam
The line
The inner instrument is three. The outer is ten, and it is the field of those three. The outer is of the present time. The inner instrument is of all three times.
नेपालीमा
भित्री करण तीन हो, बाहिरी दस हो, र बाहिरी ती तीनको क्षेत्र हो। बाहिरी वर्तमान कालको हो, र भित्री करण तीनै कालको हो।
Where it sits
You now have the machinery. Verses 34 to 37 send one object up the stack until intellect presents it, and then intellect turns around and sees the difference between nature and person. That second job is the whole point of the machine.
Split: antaḥ-karaṇam (अन्तः-करणम्) + tri-vidham (त्रि-विधम्) + daśadhā (दशधा) + bāhyam (बाह्यम्) + trayasya (त्रयस्य) + viṣaya-ākhyam (विषय-आख्यम्) + sāmprata-kālam (साम्प्रत-कालम्) + bāhyam (बाह्यम्) + tri-kālam (त्रि-कालम्) + ābhyantaram (आभ्यन्तरम्) + karaṇam (करणम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| antaḥ-karaṇam (अन्तः-करणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the inner instrument. antar (अन्तर्) is inside. |
| tri-vidham (त्रि-विधम्) | nominative singular, neuter | threefold. Intellect, I-maker, mind. |
| daśadhā (दशधा) | indeclinable | tenfold. |
| bāhyam (बाह्यम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the outer. |
| trayasya viṣaya-ākhyam (त्रयस्य विषय-आख्यम्) | nominative | called the field of the three. The ten senses are what the inner three range over. |
| sāmprata-kālam (साम्प्रत-कालम्) | nominative singular, neuter | having the present as its time. sāmprata (साम्प्रत) is now. |
| tri-kālam (त्रि-कालम्) | nominative singular, neuter | having the three times. Past, present, future. |
| ābhyantaram karaṇam (आभ्यन्तरम् करणम्) | nominative singular, neuter | the inner instrument, said again under the other name. |
The phrases
An eye does not see yesterday. Intellect can determine yesterday, and it can determine a plan. That is the difference of sāmprata (साम्प्रत) and trikāla (त्रिकाल).
The outer ten are the viṣaya (विषय) of the inner three. They are the field, not a rival mind.
Sanskrit in this line
antaḥ (अन्तः) is 'inside,' and before a consonant the visarga of antar (अन्तर्) becomes ḥ (ः) written in antaḥkaraṇa (अन्तःकरण). Split antar (अन्तर्) and karaṇa (करण) if you want the pieces. Recite it as one word.
Say it back
Which half of the thirteen can think of tomorrow?