43
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 43
सांसिद्धिकाश् च भावाः प्राकृतिका वैकृताश् च धर्माद्याः दृष्टाः करणाश्रयिणः कार्याश्रयिणश् च कललाद्याः
sāṃsiddhikāś ca bhāvāḥ prākṛtikā vaikṛtāś ca dharmādyāḥ dṛṣṭāḥ karaṇāśrayiṇaḥ kāryāśrayiṇaś ca kalalādyāḥ
The line
Dispositions are innate, natural, and acquired. Dharma and the rest are seen resting on the instrument. The embryo and what follows it rest on the effect.
नेपालीमा
भाव जन्मसिद्ध, स्वाभाविक र आर्जित हुन्छन्। धर्म आदि करणमा अडेको देखिन्छ, र गर्भ र त्यसपछिको कुरा कार्यमा अडिन्छ।
Where it sits
Verses 44 and 45 spend those dispositions. Where dharma (धर्म) and the rest send a person is the next sitting. Learn the eight names from verse 23 before you read on: four sattva, four reversed.
Split: sāṃsiddhikāḥ (सांसिद्धिकाः) + ca (च) + bhāvāḥ (भावाः) + prākṛtikāḥ (प्राकृतिकाः) + vaikṛtāḥ (वैकृताः) + ca (च) + dharma-ādyāḥ (धर्म-आद्याः) + dṛṣṭāḥ (दृष्टाः) + karaṇa-āśrayiṇaḥ (करण-आश्रयिणः) + kārya-āśrayiṇaḥ (कार्य-आश्रयिणः) + ca (च) + kalala-ādyāḥ (कलल-आद्याः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sāṃsiddhikāḥ (सांसिद्धिकाः) | nominative plural | innate, perfected from the start. Dispositions a birth brings with it. |
| bhāvāḥ (भावाः) | nominative plural, masculine | dispositions. The scent of verse 40. |
| prākṛtikāḥ (प्राकृतिकाः) | nominative plural | natural, belonging to prakṛti (प्रकृति)'s own form. The commentaries give the example of a divine being's knowledge arising with the body. |
| vaikṛtāḥ (वैकृताः) | nominative plural | acquired, come from a transformation. What you learn and do in a life. |
| dharma-ādyāḥ (धर्म-आद्याः) | nominative plural | dharma (धर्म) and the rest. The eight of verse 23, virtue through impotence. |
| dṛṣṭāḥ (दृष्टाः) | nominative plural | are seen. |
| karaṇa-āśrayiṇaḥ (करण-आश्रयिणः) | nominative plural | resting on the instrument. On intellect, chiefly. |
| kārya-āśrayiṇaḥ (कार्य-आश्रयिणः) | nominative plural | resting on the effect, the body. |
| kalala-ādyāḥ (कलल-आद्याः) | nominative plural | the embryo and the rest. kalala (कलल) is the first clot of a body. |
The phrases
Two resting places. Character rests on the instrument, the subtle side. The grown body rests on the effect, the gross side. Both are called bhāva (भाव) in a wide sense, but the ones that scent the liṅga (लिङ्ग) are dharma (धर्म) and the rest.
Three origins: brought with the birth, sprung from nature, made by effort. A disposition is not only what you practiced yesterday.
Sanskrit in this line
-āśrayin (-आश्रयिन्) is 'resting on,' a stem in -in (-इन्). Nominative plural -aḥ (-अः). dṛṣṭāḥ (दृष्टाः) is the participle acting as the verb, 'are observed.'
Say it back
Where does dharma (धर्म) rest, on the body or on the instrument?