47
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 47
पञ्च विपर्ययभेदा भवन्त्यशक्तिश् च करणवैकल्यातष्टाविंशतिभेदा तुष्टिर् नवधाष्टधा सिद्धिः
pañca viparyayabhedā bhavanty aśaktiś ca karaṇavaikalyāt aṣṭāviṃśatibhedā tuṣṭir navadhāṣṭadhā siddhiḥ
The line
There are five divisions of error. Incapacity, from the instrument's being damaged, has twenty-eight divisions. Contentment is ninefold and success eightfold.
नेपालीमा
भ्रमका पाँच विभाग छन्। करण बिग्रेकाले अशक्तिका अट्ठाइस विभाग हुन्छन्, सन्तोष नौ प्रकारको र सिद्धि आठ प्रकारको हुन्छ।
Where it sits
Verse 48 opens the five errors. Verse 49 opens the twenty-eight. Verses 50 and 51 name the nine and the eight. Then the inventory is done.
Split: pañca (पञ्च) + viparyaya-bhedāḥ (विपर्यय-भेदाः) + bhavanti (भवन्ति) + aśaktiḥ (अशक्तिः) + ca (च) + karaṇa-vaikalyāt (करण-वैकल्यात्) + aṣṭāviṃśati-bhedā (अष्टाविंशति-भेदा) + tuṣṭiḥ (तुष्टिः) + nava-dhā (नव-धा) + aṣṭa-dhā (अष्ट-धा) + siddhiḥ (सिद्धिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pañca viparyaya-bhedāḥ (पञ्च विपर्यय-भेदाः) | nominative | five divisions of error. |
| bhavanti (भवन्ति) | present, third person plural | are, come to be. |
| aśaktiḥ (अशक्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | incapacity. |
| karaṇa-vaikalyāt (करण-वैकल्यात्) | ablative | from impairment of the instrument. The senses and intellect damaged. |
| aṣṭāviṃśati-bhedā (अष्टाविंशति-भेदा) | nominative singular, feminine | having twenty-eight divisions. |
| tuṣṭiḥ navadhā (तुष्टिः नवधा) | nominative, indeclinable | contentment, ninefold. |
| siddhiḥ aṣṭadhā (सिद्धिः अष्टधा) | nominative, indeclinable | success, eightfold. |
The phrases
This is the arithmetic of verse 46, stated as a list. -dhā (-धा) means '-fold,' like tridhā (त्रिधा) in verse 39.
Sanskrit in this line
bhavanti (भवन्ति) agrees with a plural subject, the five divisions. aśaktiḥ (अशक्तिः) is a new sentence, feminine singular, with bhedā (भेदा) also feminine to match it.
Say it back
Repeat the four numbers.