3
Viṃśatikā / All 22 verses / 3
देशादिनियमः सिद्धः स्वप्नवत् प्रेतवत् पुनः संतानानियमः सर्वैः पूयनद्यादिदर्शने
deśādiniyamaḥ siddhaḥ svapnavat pretavat punaḥ saṃtānāniyamaḥ sarvaiḥ pūyanadyādidarśane
The line
Restriction to a place, and the rest, is shown by the dream. That a whole group shares one seeing is shown by the hungry ghosts, all of them seeing a river of pus.
नेपालीमा
ठाउँमा सीमित हुनु आदि स्वप्नबाट देखाइन्छ। एउटा समूहले एउटै देखाइ बाँड्नु भोका प्रेतहरूबाट देखाइन्छ, तिनीहरू सबैले पीपको नदी देख्छन्।
Where it sits
Verse 2 asked three questions. This verse answers the first and the second. Verse 4 answers the third, the function, and then offers hell as a single example that covers all three.
Split: deśa-ādi-niyamaḥ (देश-आदि-नियमः) + siddhaḥ (सिद्धः) + svapnavat (स्वप्नवत्) + pretavat (प्रेतवत्) + punaḥ (पुनः) + saṃtāna-aniyamaḥ (संतान-अनियमः) + sarvaiḥ (सर्वैः) + pūya-nadī-ādi-darśane (पूय-नदी-आदि-दर्शने)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| deśa-ādi-niyamaḥ (देश-आदि-नियमः) | nominative singular, masculine | restriction of place and the rest. ādi (आदि) picks up time from verse 2. The file writes deśādiuniyamaḥ (देशादिउनियमः), with an extra i (इ). |
| siddhaḥ (सिद्धः) | nominative singular, masculine | established, shown to be possible. |
| svapnavat (स्वप्नवत्) | indeclinable | like a dream. -vat (-वत्) means 'like.' |
| pretavat (प्रेतवत्) | indeclinable | like a preta (प्रेत), a hungry ghost. |
| punaḥ (पुनः) | indeclinable | and again, the next point. |
| saṃtāna-aniyamaḥ (संतान-अनियमः) | nominative singular, masculine | the not-being-private of a stream: many streams see it. The file writes santānāniyamaḥ (सन्तानानियमः). |
| sarvaiḥ (सर्वैः) | instrumental plural, masculine | by all of them. |
| pūya-nadī-ādi-darśane (पूय-नदी-आदि-दर्शने) | locative singular, neuter | in the seeing of a river of pus, and the rest. pūya (पूय) is pus. nadī (नदी) is a river. |
The phrases
Two answers, side by side. Place and time are like a dream: a dream is somewhere, and it is at a time, with no object there. Shared seeing is like the pretas (प्रेत): all of them see the river of pus, because the karma (कर्म) is shared, and the river is not an object of the ordinary kind.
svapnavat (स्वप्नवत्) answers deśādiniyamaḥ (देशादिनियमः). pretavat (प्रेतवत्) answers saṃtānāniyamaḥ (संतानानियमः). The locative darśane (दर्शने) says in which seeing the example holds.
Sanskrit in this line
-vat (-वत्) makes an indeclinable of comparison. svapnavat (स्वप्नवत्) is not a noun. The file's deśādiuniyamaḥ (देशादिउनियमः) is deśa-ādi-niyama (देश-आदि-नियम) with a vowel written twice.
Say it back
Which example answers place and time, and which answers the shared seeing?