Lesson 116: Three Ślokas
Index · Lesson 115: Eight and Eleven
Nothing in these three lines is a new ending. The joins are lessons 101 through 103. The compounds are lesson 104. The short words are lesson 105. The verbs are lessons 107 through 112. The pieces are on the verse word sets.
कथं ज्ञानमवाप्नोति
The first verse of the अष्टावक्रगीता:
कथं ज्ञानमवाप्नोति कथं मुक्तिर्भविष्यति। वैराग्यं च कथं प्राप्तमेतद् ब्रूहि मम प्रभो।
| Apart, as this book writes it | Meaning |
|---|---|
| कथं ज्ञानम् अवाप्नोति। | How does one obtain knowledge? ज्ञानम् meets अवाप्नोति as one run. |
| कथं मुक्तिः भविष्यति। | How will liberation come to be? The verse writes मुक्तिर् because भ् is voiced. |
| वैराग्यं च कथं प्राप्तम्। | And how is dispassion obtained? प्राप्तम् agrees with वैराग्यम्. |
| एतद् ब्रूहि मम प्रभो। | Say this, my lord. प्रभो is the call of प्रभुः, “lord,” like गुरो. |
ज्ञान कसरी पाइन्छ? मुक्ति कसरी हुनेछ? अनि वैराग्य कसरी पाइन्छ? हे प्रभो, मलाई यो भन्नुहोस्।
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते
भगवद्गीता 2.47:
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन। मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि।
| Apart | Meaning |
|---|---|
| कर्मणि एव अधिकारः ते। | Your right is in the action alone. इ plus ए is य्. अ plus अ is आ. अः before ते is स्. |
| मा फलेषु कदाचन। | Never in the fruits. फलेषु is the in-form plural of फलम्. |
| मा कर्मफलहेतुः भूः। | Do not become the fruit-cause. Lesson 112 opens हेतुर्भूः and भूर्मा. |
| मा ते सङ्गः अस्तु अकर्मणि। | Let your attachment not be in inaction. |
तिम्रो अधिकार कर्ममा मात्र हो, फलमा कहिल्यै होइन। कर्मको फल उद्देश्य भएको नबन्नू, र नगर्नुमा तिम्रो आसक्ति नहोस्।
सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य
भगवद्गीता 18.66:
सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज। अहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यो मोक्षयिष्यामि मा शुचः।
| Apart | Meaning |
|---|---|
| सर्वधर्मान् परित्यज्य | having left all duties |
| माम् एकं शरणं व्रज। | come to me alone for refuge. व्रज means “come,” the command, and it follows गच्छ. शरणम् means “refuge,” शरण. It is like पुस्तकम्. |
| अहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यः मोक्षयिष्यामि। | I shall free you from all evils. The verse writes पापेभ्यो before म्. |
| मा शुचः। | Do not grieve. |
सबै धर्म छाडेर ममा मात्र शरण आउ। म तिमीलाई सबै खराबीबाट छुटकारा दिनेछु। शोक नगर।
Practice
- Open ज्ञानमवाप्नोति, मुक्तिर्भविष्यति, and प्राप्तमेतद् without looking at the table.
- Open कर्मण्येव and अधिकारस्ते.
- Say the book’s spelling: अहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यः मोक्षयिष्यामि। मा शुचः।
Next
The verse word sets are the words these ślokas repeat. The later list still holds the full perfect, the full aorist, and the dual of a noun that ends in a consonant. This book still writes सः, गुरुः, and the words apart, except for ं where a final म् meets a consonant.