1.3
तदा द्रष्टुः स्वरूपेऽवस्थानम्
tadā draṣṭuḥ svarūpe 'vasthānam
The line
Then the seer abides in its own form.
नेपालीमा
त्यसपछि द्रष्टा आफ्नै रूपमा बस्छ।
Where it sits
1.2 said what yoga is, from the side of the mind. 1.3 says what that same moment is, from the side of the one who sees. The seer was never the activities. When they are still, nothing has been added to the seer. What changes is that the seer is no longer mistaken for them.
Split: tadā (तदा) + draṣṭuḥ (द्रष्टुः) + svarūpe (स्वरूपे) + avasthānam (अवस्थानम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tadā (तदा) | indeclinable | then. When the stilling of 1.2 has happened. |
| draṣṭuḥ (द्रष्टुः) | genitive singular of draṣṭṛ (द्रष्टृ) | of the seer. draṣṭṛ (द्रष्टृ) is "one who sees," from the root dṛś (दृश्). |
| svarūpe (स्वरूपे) | locative singular of svarūpa (स्वरूप) | in its own form. sva (स्व) "own," rūpa (रूप) "form." |
| avasthānam (अवस्थानम्) | nominative singular, neuter | abiding, remaining stationed. |
The phrases
tadā (तदा) sets the time: when yoga, as just defined, is the case.
draṣṭuḥ svarūpe avasthānam (द्रष्टुः स्वरूपे अवस्थानम्) is "the seer's abiding in its own form." The genitive draṣṭuḥ (द्रष्टुः) tells you whose abiding. The locative svarūpe (स्वरूपे) tells you where. avasthānam (अवस्थानम्) is the event.
The apostrophe-like sign in svarūpe 'vasthānam (स्वरूपेऽवस्थानम्) is the avagraha. It marks that an a (अ) was dropped. e (ए) + a (अ) does not make a new vowel here. The e (ए) stays, and the following a (अ) goes, leaving the mark ऽ.
Sanskrit in this line
draṣṭṛ (द्रष्टृ) is an agent noun, "the one who does the seeing." In the genitive singular, -tṛ (तृ) becomes -tuḥ (तुः). You will meet the same seer, in the nominative draṣṭā (द्रष्टा), at 2.20.
Locative -e (ए) on an a (अ)-stem (svarūpa (स्वरूप) → svarūpe (स्वरूपे)) answers "in" or "on."
The avagraha is not a sound. It is a sign that a sound was removed. Read svarūpe avasthānam (स्वरूपे अवस्थानम्) when you are splitting, and svarūpe 'vasthānam (स्वरूपेऽवस्थानम्) when you are reciting.
Say it back
Who abides, and where? Answer with draṣṭuḥ (द्रष्टुः) and svarūpe (स्वरूपे), then with the English.
Next
1.4. At other times, the seer is identified with the activities of the mind.