45
Sāṅkhya Kārikā / Verses 22–55, the world / 45
वैराग्यात् प्रकृतिलयः संसारो भवति राजसाद् रागातैश्वर्यादविघातो विपर्ययात् तद्विपर्यासः
vairāgyāt prakṛtilayaḥ saṃsāro bhavati rājasād rāgāt aiśvaryād avighāto viparyayāt tadviparyāsaḥ
The line
From dispassion comes absorption into nature. From rajas-born passion comes transmigration. From power comes unblocked movement. From the reverse, the reverse of that.
नेपालीमा
वैराग्यबाट प्रकृतिमा लय हुन्छ, रजस्बाट जन्मेको रागबाट संसरण हुन्छ, र ऐश्वर्यबाट नरोकिएको गति हुन्छ। उल्टोबाट त्यसको उल्टो हुन्छ।
Where it sits
You now have all eight bhāvas (भाव) and their fruits. The next ten verses count the forms of error, incapacity, contentment, and success. They are a map of intellect, not a new metaphysics. Read them as one list, then come back to verse 56 for the turn toward release.
Split: vairāgyāt (वैराग्यात्) + prakṛti-layaḥ (प्रकृति-लयः) + saṃsāraḥ (संसारः) + bhavati (भवति) + rājasāt (राजसात्) + rāgāt (रागात्) + aiśvaryāt (ऐश्वर्यात्) + avighātaḥ (अविघातः) + viparyayāt (विपर्ययात्) + tad-viparyāsaḥ (तद्-विपर्यासः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| vairāgyāt (वैराग्यात्) | ablative singular | from dispassion. |
| prakṛti-layaḥ (प्रकृति-लयः) | nominative singular, masculine | dissolution into nature. The person is not released. The subtle body sinks into one of nature's layers and stays, until the dispassion wears out. |
| saṃsāraḥ (संसारः) | nominative singular, masculine | transmigration, the wandering. |
| rājasāt rāgāt (राजसात् रागात्) | ablative | from passion, which is of rajas (रज). Passion is the rajas reverse of dispassion. |
| aiśvaryāt (ऐश्वर्यात्) | ablative | from power, the lordliness of verse 23. |
| avighātaḥ (अविघातः) | nominative singular, masculine | non-obstruction. The powers work without being blocked. |
| viparyayāt (विपर्ययात्) | ablative | from the reverse. From impotence. |
| tad-viparyāsaḥ (तद्-विपर्यासः) | nominative singular, masculine | the reverse of that. Obstruction. |
The phrases
prakṛtilaya (प्रकृतिलय) is the trap inside a good-looking virtue. Dispassion without knowledge does not free. It parks the liṅga (लिङ्ग) in nature. Yoga's vairāgya (वैराग्य) is aimed past the guṇas (गुण), which is verse 16 of the Yoga Sūtra (सूत्र)'s first book. Bare disgust at the world is this verse's laya (लय).
Power unblocks movement. It does not end the person-nature confusion. A power is a bhāva (भाव) of intellect, still on the nature side.
Sanskrit in this line
Ablative again as 'from.' Four causes, four nominative results. rājasāt (राजसात्) agrees with rāgāt (रागात्): the passion is specified as rajas-born.
Say it back
Say why dispassion alone is not release. Use prakṛtilaya (प्रकृतिलय).