The Body
Index · Times of Day · Family
शरीरम् means the body, शरीर. It is like पुस्तकम्. The parts below take the column in “Like.” Two words at the end, शिरः and दन्, do not. Their subject form is given there, and the other jobs wait.
| Word | Like | Nepali | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| शरीरम् | पुस्तकम् | शरीर | body |
| केशः | छात्रः | कपाल | hair. केशाः is hair as a mass, the plural. |
| ललाटम् | पुस्तकम् | निधार | forehead |
| नेत्रम् | पुस्तकम् | आँखा | eye |
| कर्णः | छात्रः | कान | ear |
| नासिका | छात्रा | नाक | nose |
| मुखम् | पुस्तकम् | मुख | face, mouth |
| ओष्ठः | छात्रः | ओठ | lip |
| जिह्वा | छात्रा | जिब्रो | tongue |
| कण्ठः | छात्रः | घाँटी | throat |
| ग्रीवा | छात्रा | गर्दन | neck |
| स्कन्धः | छात्रः | काँध | shoulder |
| बाहुः | गुरुः | पाखुरा | arm. The “with” form is बाहुना, like गुरुणा. |
| हस्तः | छात्रः | हात | hand |
| अङ्गुष्ठः | छात्रः | बुढीऔंला | thumb |
| अङ्गुलिः | बुद्धिः | औंला | finger. More than two, as the subject, is अङ्गुलयः. |
| उरः | see below | छाती | chest. Same two forms as the head: उरः, and उरसि “in the chest.” |
| हृदयम् | पुस्तकम् | मुटु | heart |
| उदरम् | पुस्तकम् | पेट | belly |
| पृष्ठम् | पुस्तकम् | ढाड | back |
| कटिः | बुद्धिः | कम्मर | waist |
| ऊरुः | गुरुः | तिघ्रा | thigh |
| जङ्घा | छात्रा | पिंडुला | shin |
| पादः | छात्रः | खुट्टा | foot |
| नखः | छात्रः | नङ | nail |
Head and tooth
शिरः means the head, टाउको. It is the subject and the object. शिरसि means “in the head.” The other jobs wait. Do not put the पुस्तकम् endings on it. There is no शिरम्.
उरः, the chest, works the same way. उरसि is “in the chest.”
दन् means one tooth, as the subject, दाँत. More than two teeth, as the subject, is दन्तः. That दन्तः is the plural. It is not the छात्र subject ending. The other jobs wait.
वेदना means pain, दुखाइ. It is like छात्रा.
Sentences
| Sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|
| बिकासस्य हस्तः। | Bikash’s hand. बिकासको हात। The “of” ending on the name is still -स्य. |
| बिकासस्य हस्तौ स्तः। | Bikash’s two hands are there. बिकासका दुई हात छन्। हस्तौ is the dual, from Lesson 20: The Dual. |
| बिकासस्य नेत्रे स्तः। | Bikash’s two eyes are there. नेत्रे is the neuter dual, from Lesson 21: Two Women, Two Books. |
| हस्तेन अहं लिखामि। | I write with the hand. हातले म लेख्छु। |
| पञ्च अङ्गुलयः सन्ति। | There are five fingers. पाँच औंला छन्। पञ्च does not change here. अङ्गुलयः is the plural subject, like बुद्धयः in Lesson 28. |
| शिरसि वेदना अस्ति। | There is pain in the head. टाउकोमा दुखाइ छ। |
| मम दन्तः सन्ति। | My teeth are there. मेरा दाँत छन्। दन्तः here is the plural subject. |
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Family is mother, father, sister, and the rest of the house.