Lesson 14: Adjectives
Index · Lesson 13: Those · Lesson 15: Eat, Drink, and Write
Lesson 1 said an adjective matches the noun. कुशलः is “well” for a man, and कुशला is “well” for a woman. This lesson puts that to work.
नवीनः means “new.” It takes the same endings as छात्र, छात्रा, and पुस्तकम्. The ending matches the noun in gender, number, and case.
| Man | Woman | Thing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| One, subject | नवीनः | नवीना | नवीनम् |
| More than one, subject | नवीनाः | नवीनाः | नवीनानि |
| Sentence | Meaning |
|---|---|
| नवीनः छात्रः पठति। | The new student studies. The adjective and the noun both have the subject ending. नयाँ विद्यार्थी पढ्छ। |
| नवीना छात्रा पठति। | The new woman student studies. |
| नवीनं पुस्तकम् अस्ति। | It is a new book. |
| नवीनाः छात्राः पठन्ति। | The new students study. |
| नवीनानि पुस्तकानि सन्ति। | There are new books. |
| अहं नवीनं पुस्तकं पश्यामि। | I see a new book. Both words have the object ending, -म्, written ं because the next word starts with a consonant. म एउटा नयाँ पुस्तक हेर्छु। |
| छात्रः कुशलः अस्ति। | The student is well. Here the adjective is what he is, the pattern from Lesson 1. |
When the adjective is the object, it takes the object ending too. गुरुः नवीनं छात्रं पश्यति। “The teacher sees the new student.”
Practice
- Say नवीनः छात्रः पठति, “the new student studies.”
- Say अहं नवीनं पुस्तकं पश्यामि, “I see a new book.”
- Say नवीनानि पुस्तकानि सन्ति, “there are new books.”
Next
Lesson 15: Eat, Drink, and Write adds three verbs that use the endings of पठति.