The Upaniṣads / Māṇḍūkya / 4 Dream
4
स्वप्नस्थानोऽन्तःप्रज्ञः सप्ताङ्ग एकोनविंशतिमुखः प्रविविक्तभुक् तैजसो द्वितीयः पादः svapnasthāno 'ntaḥprajñaḥ saptāṅga ekonaviṃśatimukhaḥ praviviktabhuk taijaso dvitīyaḥ pādaḥ
The line
The second foot is taijasa (तैजस), whose place is the dream, who knows inwardly, who has seven limbs and nineteen mouths, and who enjoys what has been set apart.
नेपालीमा
दोस्रो पाउ तैजस हो, जसको स्थान सपना हो, जो भित्रको कुरा जान्ने हो, जसका सात अङ्ग र उन्नाइस मुख छन्, र जो अलग पारिएको कुरा भोग्छ।
Where it sits
Mantra 3 was the waking. This is the dream. Mantra 10 will set this foot on the measure u (उ). The limbs and mouths are still not named.
Split: svapna-sthānaḥ (स्वप्न-स्थानः) + antaḥ-prajñaḥ (अन्तः-प्रज्ञः) + sapta-aṅgaḥ (सप्त-अङ्गः) + ekonaviṃśati-mukhaḥ (एकोनविंशति-मुखः) + pravivikta-bhuk (प्रविविक्त-भुक्) + taijasaḥ (तैजसः) + dvitīyaḥ (द्वितीयः) + pādaḥ (पादः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| svapna-sthānaḥ (स्वप्न-स्थानः) | nominative singular, masculine | Whose place is the dream. Heard svapnasthāno (स्वप्नस्थानो) before antaḥ (अन्तः). |
| antaḥ-prajñaḥ (अन्तः-प्रज्ञः) | nominative singular, masculine | Whose knowing is inward. The a (अ) of antaḥ (अन्तः) drops after sthāno (स्थानो): sthāno 'ntaḥ (स्थानोऽन्तः). |
| sapta-aṅgaḥ (सप्त-अङ्गः) | nominative singular, masculine | Having seven limbs. Carried in the same shape as mantra 3. The mantra still does not name them. |
| ekonaviṃśati-mukhaḥ (एकोनविंशति-मुखः) | nominative singular, masculine | Having nineteen mouths. Same count, still unnamed. |
| pravivikta-bhuk (प्रविविक्त-भुक्) | nominative singular, masculine | An enjoyer of what is set apart, the subtle. pravivikta (प्रविविक्त), separated off. Beside sthūla-bhuk (स्थूल-भुक्) in mantra 3. |
| taijasaḥ (तैजसः) | nominative singular, masculine | Taijasa (तैजस), the one made of light, tejas (तेज). The name of this foot. Heard taijaso (तैजसो) before dvitīyaḥ (द्वितीयः). |
| dvitīyaḥ (द्वितीयः) | nominative singular, masculine | The second. |
| pādaḥ (पादः) | nominative singular, masculine | A foot. |
The phrases
The shape repeats mantra 3. The place changes from waking to dream. The knowing changes from outward to inward. The food changes from the gross to what has been set apart.
The name changes from vaiśvānara (वैश्वानर) to taijasa (तैजस). It is the second foot.
Sanskrit in this line
Svapnasthānaḥ (स्वप्नस्थानः) plus antaḥ (अन्तः) is svapnasthāno 'ntaḥ (स्वप्नस्थानोऽन्तः). The visarga becomes o (ओ), and the a (अ) drops.
Taijasaḥ (तैजसः) before dvitīyaḥ (द्वितीयः) is taijaso (तैजसो). A visarga after short a (अ), before a voiced consonant, is heard as o (ओ).
Say it back
Say what changed from the first foot, and what was repeated.