2.5
अनित्याशुचिदुःखानात्मसु नित्यशुचिसुखात्मख्यातिरविद्या
anityāśuci-duḥkhānātmasu nitya-śuci-sukhātma-khyātir avidyā
The line
Ignorance is seeing the impermanent, impure, painful, and not-self as permanent, pure, pleasant, and self.
नेपालीमा
अविद्या अनित्य, अशुद्ध, दुःखमय र अनात्मालाई नित्य, शुद्ध, सुखमय र आत्मा देख्नु हो।
Where it sits
2.4 said ignorance is the field. This line says what the field is made of: a swap of four for four. Every later affliction grows in this swap. Do not reduce it to “not knowing facts.” It is a seeing that puts the wrong name on what is there.
Split: anitya (अनित्य) + aśuci (अशुचि) + duḥkha (दुःख) + anātmasu (अनात्मसु) + nitya (नित्य) + śuci (शुचि) + sukha (सुख) + ātma (आत्म) + khyātiḥ (ख्यातिः) + avidyā (अविद्या)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| anitya (अनित्य) | stem | impermanent. |
| aśuci (अशुचि) | stem | impure. |
| duḥkha (दुःख) | stem | painful. |
| anātmasu (अनात्मसु) | locative plural | in what is not the self. The ending covers the four real features. |
| nitya (नित्य) | stem | permanent. |
| śuci (शुचि) | stem | pure. |
| sukha (सुख) | stem | pleasant. |
| ātma (आत्म) | stem | the self. |
| khyātiḥ (ख्यातिः) | nominative singular, feminine | seeing. Taking the one set for the other. |
| avidyā (अविद्या) | nominative singular, feminine | ignorance. The predicate. |
The phrases
Two lists of four, in the same order. The locative -su (सु) puts the seeing in (इन्) the impermanent, the impure, the painful, and the not-self. The seeing itself calls them permanent, pure, pleasant, and self.
khyātiḥ (ख्यातिः) and avidyā (अविद्या) are both feminine nominatives. Ignorance is that seeing. anitya (अनित्य) + aśuci (अशुचि) and duḥkha (दुःख) + anātman (अनात्मन्) and sukha (सुख) + ātman (आत्मन्) are the a (अ) + a (अ) and a (अ) + ā (आ) joins you know.
Sanskrit in this line
Locative plural -su (सु) means “in” the many. You have had locative singular “in” since svarūpe (स्वरूपे). The plural is the same relation, now for a list. The four real features take -su (सु). The four mistakes are inside the seeing, khyātiḥ (ख्यातिः).
Say it back
Say the four real features, then the four that get put in their place. Keep the order.
Next
2.6. I-sense is as if the seer's power and the power of seeing were a single self.