2.22
कृतार्थं प्रति नष्टमप्यनष्टं तदन्यसाधारणत्वात्
kṛtārthaṃ prati naṣṭam apy anaṣṭaṃ tad-anya-sādhāraṇatvāt
The line
For one whose purpose is fulfilled it has perished, and yet it has not, because it is shared with others.
नेपालीमा
जसको प्रयोजन पूरा भएको छ, उसका लागि त्यो नष्ट भएको छ, तर अरूसँग साझा भएकाले नष्ट भएको छैन।
Where it sits
2.21 seemed to make the seen private. This line corrects that. Freedom is not the destruction of the world. It is the end of the seen for the one whose purpose is fulfilled. Other puruṣas (पुरुष) still have it as their seen. The joining was never a public event.
Split: kṛtārtham (कृतार्थम्) + prati (प्रति) + naṣṭam (नष्टम्) + api (अपि) + anaṣṭam (अनष्टम्) + tad (तद्) + anya (अन्य) + sādhāraṇatvāt (साधारणत्वात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| kṛtārtham (कृतार्थम्) | accusative singular, neuter | one whose purpose is fulfilled. A seer who has finished with the seen. |
| prati (प्रति) | indeclinable | with respect to, for. |
| naṣṭam (नष्टम्) | nominative singular, neuter | perished. Gone, for that one. |
| api (अपि) | indeclinable | and yet. |
| anaṣṭam (अनष्टम्) | nominative singular, neuter | not perished. Still there. |
| tat (तत्) | stem | that one, the freed seer. |
| anya (अन्य) | stem | others. The other seers. |
| sādhāraṇatvāt (साधारणत्वात्) | ablative singular | because of being held in common. Because the seen is shared. |
The phrases
kṛtārtham prati (कृतार्थम् प्रति) is “for one whose purpose is done.” naṣṭam api anaṣṭam (नष्टमपि अनष्टम्) is “perished, and yet not perished.” api (अपि) before the vowel of anaṣṭam (अनष्टम्) is recited apy (अप्य्).
The reason is the ablative tad-anya-sādhāraṇatvāt (तदन्यसाधारणत्वात्): because it is common to that one and to others. It has ended for the one who is done. It has not ended for the others who still meet it.
Sanskrit in this line
api (अपि) before a vowel becomes apy (अप्य्). The i (इ) turns into the glide y (य्), a cousin of i (इ) + ā (आ) = yā (या) in 2.13. And -tvāt (त्वात्) is again “because of being.” prati (प्रति) with the accusative means “with respect to” that person.
Say it back
Say the paradox in the line's own order: perished, and yet not. Then the because.
Next
2.23. Joining is the cause of recognizing the two powers, what is owned and the owner.