2.23
स्वस्वामिशक्त्योः स्वरूपोपलब्धिहेतुः संयोगः
sva-svāmi-śaktyoḥ svarūpopalabdhi-hetuḥ saṃyogaḥ
The line
Joining is the cause of recognizing the two powers, what is owned and the owner.
नेपालीमा
स्व र स्वामी, यी दुई शक्तिलाई चिन्ने कारण संयोग हो।
Where it sits
2.17 called the joining the cause of what is to be avoided. This line adds the other half. The same joining is how the two powers come to be known. It is not a mistake with no function. 2.24 will still say its own cause is ignorance. Both can be true: ignorance causes the joining, and the joining causes the recognition.
Split: sva (स्व) + svāmi (स्वामि) + śaktyoḥ (शक्त्योः) + svarūpa (स्वरूप) + upalabdhi (उपलब्धि) + hetuḥ (हेतुः) + saṃyogaḥ (संयोगः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sva (स्व) | stem | what is owned. The seen, the power that is possessed. |
| svāmi (स्वामि) | stem | the owner. The seer, the power that possesses. |
| śaktyoḥ (शक्त्योः) | genitive dual | of the two powers. The same dual as in 2.6. |
| svarūpa (स्वरूप) | stem | one's own form. |
| upalabdhi (उपलब्धि) | stem | recognition, getting sight of. |
| hetuḥ (हेतुः) | nominative singular, masculine | the cause. |
| saṃyogaḥ (संयोगः) | nominative singular, masculine | the joining. From 2.17. |
The phrases
The joining is not only the cause of suffering. It is the cause of recognizing the two powers, owner and owned, each in its own form. svarūpa (स्वरूप) + upalabdhi (उपलब्धि) is a (अ) + u (उ) = o (ओ), recited svarūpopalabdhi (स्वरूपोपलब्धि).
hetuḥ (हेतुः) and saṃyogaḥ (संयोगः) are two nominatives: the joining is that cause. Without the joining, the two powers would not be told apart by a mind that has to see them.
Sanskrit in this line
Dual -oḥ (ओः) again, “of the two powers.” a (अ) + u (उ) = o (ओ) in svarūpopalabdhi (स्वरूपोपलब्धि), the sandhi of 2.4. Read sva-svāmi (स्वस्वामि) as owned and owner, not as “oneself and a husband.” svāmin (स्वामिन्) here is the one who owns.
Say it back
Say what the joining is the cause of. The dual ending tells you it is two powers, not one.