4.31
तदा सर्वावरणमलापेतस्य ज्ञानस्यानन्त्याज् ज्ञेयमल्पम्
tadā sarvāvaraṇa-malāpetasya jñānasyānantyāj jñeyam alpam
The line
Then little remains to be known, because knowledge, its coverings and stains removed, is without end.
नेपालीमा
त्यसपछि जान्न बाँकी थोरै रहन्छ, किनकि आवरण र दाग हटिसकेको ज्ञानको अन्त हुँदैन।
Where it sits
The second consequence. 4.32 turns from knowledge to the guṇas (गुण). Their purpose is fulfilled, so the sequence of their change ends.
Split: tadā (तदा) + sarva (सर्व) + āvaraṇa (आवरण) + mala (मल) + apetasya (अपेतस्य) + jñānasya (ज्ञानस्य) + ānantyāt (आनन्त्यात्) + jñeyam (ज्ञेयम्) + alpam (अल्पम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tadā (तदा) | indeclinable | then. |
| sarva (सर्व) | stem | all. |
| āvaraṇa (आवरण) | stem | covering. |
| mala (मल) | stem | stain. |
| apetasya (अपेतस्य) | genitive singular | of that from which they have gone. Knowledge with coverings and stains removed. |
| jñānasya (ज्ञानस्य) | genitive singular | of knowledge. |
| ānantyāt (आनन्त्यात्) | ablative singular | because of being without end. Because that knowledge is endless. |
| jñeyam (ज्ञेयम्) | nominative singular, neuter | what is to be known. |
| alpam (अल्पम्) | nominative singular, neuter | little. |
The phrases
Then little remains to be known, because knowledge, its coverings and stains removed, is without end. sarva (सर्व) + āvaraṇa (आवरण) is a (अ) + ā (आ) = ā (आ). mala (मल) + apeta (अपेत) is a (अ) + a (अ) = ā (आ). jñānasya (ज्ञानस्य) + ānantya (आनन्त्य) is a (अ) + ā (आ) = ā (आ). ānantyāt jñeya (आनन्त्यात् ज्ञेय) is ānantyāj (आनन्त्याज्), t (त्) before j (ज्).
The genitive is knowledge in that condition. The ablative is the because. The nominatives are “the to-be-known” and “little.” Endless knowledge leaves little unknown. The little is not a leftover problem. It is the smallness of what remains.
Sanskrit in this line
A chain of sandhis, all familiar: a (अ) + ā (आ), a (अ) + a (अ), and t (त्) before j (ज्). The cases do the argument. Genitive: of that knowledge. Ablative: because it is endless. Nominative: the knowable is little.
Say it back
Say why little remains. Because the knowledge is without end.
Next
4.32. From that, the guṇas, their purpose fulfilled, come to the end of the sequence of change.