1.1.4
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.1.4
तत् तु समन्वयात्
tat tu samanvayāt
The line
But that thesis stands, because the sentences fit together as being about Brahman (ब्रह्मन्).
नेपालीमा
तर त्यो पक्ष रहन्छ, किनकि वाक्यहरू ब्रह्मको कुरा भएर आपसमा मिल्छन्।
Where it sits
The four opening lines are complete. Inquiry, the definition, the means of knowing, and the method of reading. From 1.1.5 on, the method is used. The first opponent will be the Sāṅkhya (साङ्ख्य) reader, who wants the cause in 1.1.2 to be prakṛti (प्रकृति). 1.1.5 begins that answer: the cause is not what cannot be spoken of as an agent of seeing.
Split: tat (तत्) + tu (तु) + samanvayāt (समन्वयात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tat (तत्) | nominative singular, neuter | that. The claim that the Upaniṣad (उपनिषद्) sentences are about Brahman (ब्रह्मन्). |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but. It answers an objection that has not been written out. The objection is: the sentences talk about the small self, or about breath, or about food, so they are not about Brahman (ब्रह्मन्). |
| samanvayāt (समन्वयात्) | ablative singular, masculine | because of samanvaya, a fitting-together. The sentences, read in their place, converge on one thing. |
The phrases
tat is the thesis. tu marks the reply. samanvayāt (समन्वयात्) gives the reason, again an ablative.
The rest of Adhyāya (अध्याय) 1 is this reason, passage by passage. Each group of lines takes one Upaniṣad (उपनिषद्) sentence that an opponent would assign to something else, and says it fits Brahman (ब्रह्मन्).
Sanskrit in this line
tu is the particle that answers. It does not mean 'and.' When a sūtra (सूत्र) begins with tat tu, look back for the claim being defended and sideways for the objection that was left unsaid. samanvaya is sam-anv-i, a going along together.
Say it back
State the four opening lines in English, in order, without the Sanskrit. Then put athāto (अथातो) back.