1.3.14
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.3.14
गतिशब्दाभ्यां तथा हि दृष्टं लिङ्गं च
gatiśabdābhyāṃ tathā hi dṛṣṭaṃ liṅgaṃ ca
The line
By the word for the goal and by the other word it is Brahman (ब्रह्मन्), for a mark is seen in that way, and there is a sign.
नेपालीमा
लक्ष्यको शब्दले र अर्को शब्दले यो ब्रह्म हो, किनकि चिह्न त्यसरी देखिन्छ, र एउटा सङ्केत छ।
Where it sits
daharaḥ (दहरः) from 1.3.13 is the one the two words qualify. gati here is the goal inside this chapter, not yet the path of the dead as its own topic.
Split: gati-śabdābhyām (गति-शब्दाभ्याम्) + tathā (तथा) + hi (हि) + dṛṣṭam (दृष्टम्) + liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| gati-śabdābhyām (गति-शब्दाभ्याम्) | instrumental dual, masculine | by the word 'goal' and by the word |
| tathā (तथा) | indeclinable | so, in that way |
| hi (हि) | indeclinable | for |
| dṛṣṭam (दृष्टम्) | nominative singular, neuter | what is seen, a mark one can see in the text |
| liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) | nominative singular, neuter | a sign |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
The phrases
gati is the goal. The passage speaks of those who leave the body and reach this, and of the daily going to the brahman (ब्रह्मन्)-world of the heart. śabda (शब्द) is the other word: self, brahman (ब्रह्मन्), the deathless, the fearless. The dual instrumental is 'by these two words'.
hi explains. A mark, liṅga (लिङ्ग), is seen, dṛṣṭam (दृष्टम्), in just this way, tathā (तथा), in other passages where such words fix brahman (ब्रह्मन्). ca adds the sign to the seen mark. The small space carries both.
Sanskrit in this line
The ending -ābhyām (-आभ्याम्) is instrumental dual, recited -ābhyāṃ (-आभ्यां). dṛṣṭam (दृष्टम्) and liṅgam (लिङ्गम्) are two neuter nominatives. hi is the explanatory particle.
Say it back
Name the two words: gati, and ātman (आत्मन्) or brahman (ब्रह्मन्).
Next
1.3.15. It holds heaven and earth, and the text itself states that greatness.