1.4.22
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.4.22
अवस्थितेरिति काशकृत्स्नः
avasthiter iti kāśakṛtsnaḥ
The line
Kāśakṛtsna (काशकृत्स्न) says it is so because of abiding.
नेपालीमा
काशकृत्स्न भन्छन्, अवस्थानका कारण यस्तो हो।
Where it sits
The identity-language of 1.4.19 is still the liṅga (लिङ्ग). Śaṅkara (शङ्कर) takes Kāśakṛtsna (काशकृत्स्न) as the view that fits: Brahman (ब्रह्मन्) itself abides as the individual under limiting adjuncts. Rāmānuja (रामानुज) reads the abiding as Brahman (ब्रह्मन्)'s standing in the soul as the inner self, the soul remaining real and different. Madhva reads the abiding as rule: Viṣṇu (विष्णु) abides as the ruler of the soul, not as the soul.
Split: avasthiteḥ (अवस्थितेः) + iti (इति) + kāśakṛtsnaḥ (काशकृत्स्नः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| avasthiteḥ (अवस्थितेः) | ablative singular, feminine | because of abiding |
| iti (इति) | indeclinable | so |
| kāśakṛtsnaḥ (काशकृत्स्नः) | nominative singular, masculine | Kāśakṛtsna (काशकृत्स्न) |
The phrases
avasthiti is abiding, staying. Kāśakṛtsna (काशकृत्स्न)'s reason: the supreme abides as the individual soul. The sentences that say 'this self' are true because of that abiding, not only at the moment of departure and not by a mixture of two statuses.
iti marks the view. The name is the speaker. Among the three old teachers, this is the one the later Advaita reading takes as the conclusion that fits.
Sanskrit in this line
avasthiti is feminine, ablative -eḥ (-एः). iti before k is iti. The name is kāśakṛtsna (काशकृत्स्न), nominative -aḥ (-अः).
Say it back
Three names, three times: promise, departure, abiding. Be able to assign each.