1.4.29
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 1 / 1.4.29
एतेन सर्वे व्याख्याता व्याख्याताः
etena sarve vyākhyātā vyākhyātāḥ
The line
By this, all are explained, all are explained.
नेपालीमा
यसद्वारा सबै व्याख्या भए, सबै व्याख्या भए।
Where it sits
etena reaches back over the whole adhyāya (अध्याय), not only over the material-cause lines. sarve are the unnamed passages and the rival causes, above all the pradhāna (प्रधान). Śaṅkara (शङ्कर) takes 'explained' to mean they have been shown to intend the one Brahman (ब्रह्मन्). Rāmānuja (रामानुज) takes it to mean they have been shown to intend the qualified lord. Madhva takes it to mean they have been shown to intend Viṣṇu (विष्णु), other than the soul and other than matter. The repetition is the chapter's close, common to the readings.
Split: etena (एतेन) + sarve (सर्वे) + vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) + vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| etena (एतेन) | instrumental singular, neuter | by this |
| sarve (सर्वे) | nominative plural, masculine | all |
| vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) | nominative plural, masculine | explained |
| vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) | nominative plural, masculine | explained. The word is said again to close the chapter |
The phrases
etena is 'by this', by the whole of the chapter: the definition, the agreement of the texts, and the passage-by-passage refusal of the pradhāna (प्रधान) and of the individual soul as the referent.
sarve are all the other words and all the other proposed causes that were not named one by one. They are explained by the same reasons. Where a text says the cause, the seer, the inner lord, the abode, the light, it is brahman (ब्रह्मन्). The repetition of vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) closes the adhyāya (अध्याय). It is not a stutter and not a second claim.
Sanskrit in this line
The first vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) is recited vyākhyātā (व्याख्याता) before the second, the visarga lightening before the same word. Both are nominative plural masculine. etena is instrumental of etad. The repetition is in the pāṭha (पाठ). Do not delete it.
Say it back
Close the book of this chapter by saying what 'all' covers: every passage of this kind, and every rival cause.