2.2.40
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.40
न च कर्तुः करणम्
na ca kartuḥ karaṇam
The line
Not and, of an agent, karaṇa (करण).
Where it sits
In Brahma Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Avirodha. The teaching does not collide with reasoning, or with the other systems, in the way an objector claims. The line is short. utpa-ttya-saṃbhavāt (उत्प-त्त्य-संभवात्) from 2.2.39 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: na (न) + ca (च) + kartuḥ (कर्तुः) + karaṇam (करणम्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| na (न) | indeclinable | not |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| kartuḥ (कर्तुः) | genitive or ablative singular, masculine | an agent |
| karaṇam (करणम्) | accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter | karaṇa (करण) |
The phrases
na (न) is not. It stands as indeclinable. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
kartuḥ (कर्तुः) is an agent. It stands as genitive or ablative singular, masculine. karaṇam (करणम्) is karaṇa (करण). It stands as accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter.
Sanskrit in this line
karaṇam (करणम्) is accusative singular, masculine, or nominative or accusative singular, neuter. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss kartuḥ (कर्तुः) and karaṇam (करणम्).