3.1.21
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.1.21
तृतीयशब्दावरोधः संशोकजस्य
tṛtīyaśabdāvarodhaḥ saṃśokajasya
The line
A compound: a third, śabdā (शब्दा), and varodha (वरोध), of saṃśokaja (संशोकज).
Where it sits
In Brahma Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Sādhana (साधन). The means: who is fit, what is meditated on, and the soul's path. The line is short. darśanāc (दर्शनाच्) from 3.1.20 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: tṛtīya-śabdā-varodhaḥ (तृतीय-शब्दा-वरोधः) + saṃśokajasya (संशोकजस्य)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tṛtīya-śabdā-varodhaḥ (तृतीय-शब्दा-वरोधः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: a third, śabdā (शब्दा), and varodha (वरोध). Read it from the end |
| saṃśokajasya (संशोकजस्य) | genitive singular | saṃśokaja (संशोकज) |
The phrases
tṛtīya-śabdā-varodhaḥ (तृतीय-शब्दा-वरोधः) is a compound: a third, śabdā (शब्दा), and varodha (वरोध). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
saṃśokajasya (संशोकजस्य) is saṃśokaja (संशोकज). It stands as genitive singular.
Sanskrit in this line
tṛtīya-śabdā-varodhaḥ (तृतीय-शब्दा-वरोधः) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss tṛtīya-śabdā-varodhaḥ (तृतीय-शब्दा-वरोधः) and saṃśokajasya (संशोकजस्य).
Next
3.1.22. Of tatsvābhāvyāpattirupapatta (तत्स्वाभाव्यापत्तिरुपपत्त).