3.2.40
Brahma Sūtra / Adhyāya 3 / 3.2.40
पूर्वं तु बादरायणो हेतुव्यपदेशात्
pūrvaṃ tu bādarāyaṇo hetuvyapadeśāt
The line
The earlier but, Bādarāyaṇa (बादरायण), because of a compound: a reason, and a designation.
Where it sits
In Brahma Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 3. Sādhana (साधन). The means: who is fit, what is meditated on, and the soul's path. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं) + tu (तु) + bādarāyaṇaḥ (बादरायणः) + hetu-vyapadeśāt (हेतु-व्यपदेशात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं) | accusative singular, masculine | the earlier |
| tu (तु) | indeclinable | but, and now |
| bādarāyaṇaḥ (बादरायणः) | nominative singular, masculine | Bādarāyaṇa (बादरायण) |
| hetu-vyapadeśāt (हेतु-व्यपदेशात्) | ablative singular | a compound: a reason, and a designation. Read it from the end |
The phrases
pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं) is the earlier. It stands as accusative singular, masculine. tu (तु) is but, and now. It stands as indeclinable.
bādarāyaṇaḥ (बादरायणः) is Bādarāyaṇa (बादरायण). It stands as nominative singular, masculine. The line writes it bādarāyaṇo (बादरायणो). hetu-vyapadeśāt (हेतु-व्यपदेशात्) is a compound: a reason, and a designation. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
hetu-vyapadeśāt (हेतु-व्यपदेशात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case. The line writes it bādarāyaṇo (बादरायणो).
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss pūrvaṃ (पूर्वं) and bādarāyaṇaḥ (बादरायणः).