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Lesson 45: Ought to Be Done

Index · Lesson 44: In Order to Read · Lesson 46: He Might Read

कर्तव्यः means “to be done,” or “which ought to be done.” It matches the noun the way नवीनः does in Lesson 14: Adjectives. A man is कर्तव्यः. A woman is कर्तव्या. A thing is कर्तव्यम्.

पठितव्यः means “to be read.” द्रष्टव्यः means “to be seen.” दातव्यः means “to be given.”

ManWomanThing
to be doneकर्तव्यःकर्तव्याकर्तव्यम्
to be readपठितव्यःपठितव्यापठितव्यम्
to be seenद्रष्टव्यःद्रष्टव्याद्रष्टव्यम्
SentenceMeaning
धर्मः कर्तव्यः।Duty is to be done. धर्म गर्नुपर्छ।
पुस्तकं पठितव्यम् अस्ति।The book is to be read.
गुरुः द्रष्टव्यः अस्ति।The teacher is to be seen.
जलं दातव्यम् अस्ति।Water is to be given.

Practice

  1. Say कर्तव्यः, कर्तव्या, कर्तव्यम्.
  2. Say पुस्तकं पठितव्यम् अस्ति।
  3. Say धर्मः कर्तव्यः।

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Lesson 46: He Might Read is पठेत्, the optative.