The Upaniṣads / Māṇḍūkya / 11 The measure m
11
सुषुप्तस्थानः प्राज्ञो मकारस् तृतीया मात्रा मितेरपीतेर् वा ।
मिनोति ह वा इदं सर्वमपीतिश् च भवति य एवं वेद suṣuptasthānaḥ prājño makāras tṛtīyā mātrā miter apīter vā |
minoti ha vā idaṃ sarvam apītiś ca bhavati ya evaṃ veda
The line
Deep sleep, prājña (प्राज्ञ), is m (म्), the third measure, from measuring or from entering back in. He measures all this, and he becomes the entering-in, who knows thus.
नेपालीमा
गहिरो निद्रा, प्राज्ञ, म् हो, तेस्रो मात्रा, नाप्ने भएकाले वा फेरि भित्र पस्ने भएकाले। यसरी जान्नेले यो सब नाप्छ र भित्र पस्ने हुन्छ।
Where it sits
Mantra 5 named the foot, and mantra 6 called him the source into which beings pass away. Apīti (अपीति), the entering-in, is that passing away read as a measure of the syllable. One measure remains: the one without a measure.
Split: suṣupta-sthānaḥ (सुषुप्त-स्थानः) + prājñaḥ (प्राज्ञः) + makāraḥ (मकारः) + tṛtīyā (तृतीया) + mātrā (मात्रा) + miteḥ (मितेः) + apīteḥ (अपीतेः) + vā (वा) + minoti (मिनोति) + ha (ह) + vai (वै) + idam (इदम्) + sarvam (सर्वम्) + apītiḥ (अपीतिः) + ca (च) + bhavati (भवति) + yaḥ (यः) + evam (एवम्) + veda (वेद)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| suṣupta-sthānaḥ (सुषुप्त-स्थानः) | nominative singular, masculine | Whose place is deep sleep. The foot of mantra 5. |
| prājñaḥ (प्राज्ञः) | nominative singular, masculine | Prājña (प्राज्ञ). Heard prājño (प्राज्ञो) before makāraḥ (मकारः). |
| makāraḥ (मकारः) | nominative singular, masculine | The letter m (म्). Heard makāras (मकार) before tṛtīyā (तृतीया). |
| tṛtīyā (तृतीया) | nominative singular, feminine | The third. Agrees with mātrā (मात्रा). |
| mātrā (मात्रा) | nominative singular, feminine | A measure. |
| miteḥ (मितेः) | ablative singular, feminine | From measuring, or because of measuring. miti (मिति), a measuring. M (म्) is read as the root mā (मा), to measure. Heard miter (मितेर्) before apīteḥ (अपीतेः). |
| apīteḥ (अपीतेः) | ablative singular, feminine | From entering into, the dissolving back in. apīti (अपीति), going in. The a (अ) is kept in apīter (अपीतेर्) after miter (मितेर्). Heard apīter (अपीतेर्) before vā (वा). |
| vā (वा) | indeclinable | Or. |
| minoti (मिनोति) | present, third person singular | He measures. From the root mā (मा) / mi (मि). The verb answers to miteḥ (मितेः). |
| ha (ह) vā (वा) | indeclinable | Mantras 9 and 10 print ha vai (ह वै). This mantra prints ha vā (ह वा). It is that same asserting mark, not a second 'or'. |
| idam sarvam (इदम् सर्वम्) | accusative singular, neuter | All this. The object of minoti (मिनोति). |
| apītiḥ (अपीतिः) | nominative singular, feminine | The entering-in, the dissolving. Heard apītiś (अपीतिश्) before ca (च). It answers to apīteḥ (अपीतेः). |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | And. |
| bhavati (भवति) | present, third person singular | He becomes. |
| yaḥ evam veda (यः एवम् वेद) | the closing | Who knows thus. |
The phrases
Sleep, prājña (प्राज्ञ), is m (म्), the third measure, because of measuring, or because of entering back in.
Who knows thus measures all this, and he becomes the entering-in.
Sanskrit in this line
Prājñaḥ (प्राज्ञः) before makāraḥ (मकारः) is prājño (प्राज्ञो). A visarga after short a (अ), before a voiced consonant, is heard as o (ओ).
Makāraḥ (मकारः) before tṛtīyā (तृतीया) is makāras (मकार). A visarga before t (त्) is heard as s (स्).
Miteḥ (मितेः) before apīteḥ (अपीतेः) is miter (मितेर्). A visarga before a vowel becomes r (र्). The same r (र्) closes apīter vā (अपीतेर् वा).
Apītiḥ (अपीतिः) plus ca (च) is apītiś ca (अपीतिश् च).
Say it back
Say the two reasons, and say which verb answers to measuring and which noun answers to entering in.