1.12
अभ्यासवैराग्याभ्यां तन्निरोधः
abhyāsa-vairāgyābhyāṃ tan-nirodhaḥ
The line
The stilling of those activities comes by practice and by dispassion.
नेपालीमा
ती वृत्तिहरूको निरोध अभ्यास र वैराग्यबाट आउँछ।
Where it sits
1.2 named the stilling and did not say the means. Six lines of classification stood in between, so that "activities" would be a definite list. 1.12 answers the means. 1.13 and 1.14 will say what practice is. 1.15 and 1.16 will say what dispassion is. The line itself only joins them.
Split: abhyāsa-vairāgyābhyām (अभ्यासवैराग्याभ्याम्) + tad-nirodhaḥ (तद्निरोधः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| abhyāsa (अभ्यास) | stem, inside the compound | practice. Staying with something repeatedly. |
| vairāgya (वैराग्य) | stem | dispassion. The state of being without rāga (राग), coloring desire. |
| -ābhyām (आभ्याम्) | instrumental dual ending | by means of those two. |
| tad (तद्) | stem | that, those. Here, the activities just listed. |
| nirodhaḥ (निरोधः) | nominative singular | stilling. The same word as in 1.2. |
The phrases
tannirodhaḥ (तन्निरोधः) is "their stilling." tad (तद्) becomes tan (तन्) before the n (न्) of nirodha (निरोध). The activities are not renamed. tad (तद्) points back at the five.
abhyāsavairāgyābhyām (अभ्यासवैराग्याभ्याम्) is a dvandva of two, in the instrumental dual. The ending is the whole point of the line. Instrumental means "by means of." Dual means both, together. Practice and dispassion are not two optional styles. The stilling happens by the pair of them.
The seam vairāgya (वैराग्य) + ābhyām (आभ्याम्) is a (अ) + ā (आ) = ā (आ), so the ending is audible as -ābhyām (आभ्याम्) if you know to listen for it.
Sanskrit in this line
The instrumental dual ending -ābhyām (आभ्याम्) is worth learning by this word alone. Whenever you see -ābhyām (आभ्याम्) at the end of a pair, read "by the two." You will meet it again at 2.47, posture perfected by two means.
tad (तद्) before n (न्) assimilates: tad-nirodha (तद्निरोध) is written and said tannirodha (तन्निरोध). The d (द्) takes the place of articulation of the following n (न्).
Say it back
Answer "by what?" with the Sanskrit ending still attached: abhyāsavairāgyābhyām (अभ्यासवैराग्याभ्याम्). Then name the two.
Next
1.13. Of those two, practice is the effort to remain steady.