1.42
तत्र शब्दार्थज्ञानविकल्पैः संकीर्णा सवितर्का समापत्तिः
tatra śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpaiḥ saṃkīrṇā savitarkā samāpattiḥ
The line
Mixed with constructions of word, object, and knowledge, that coincidence is with reasoning.
नेपालीमा
शब्द, वस्तु र ज्ञानका रचना मिसिएको त्यो मिलन वितर्कसहित हुन्छ।
Where it sits
1.41 gave samāpatti (समापत्ति) as one event. This line names the grosser form, still tangled with the word for the thing. 1.43 will name the form that has dropped that tangle. The pair is sa- (स) and nir- (निर्), with and without.
Split: tatra (तत्र) + śabda (शब्द) + artha (अर्थ) + jñāna (ज्ञान) + vikalpaiḥ (विकल्पैः) + saṃkīrṇā (संकीर्णा) + savitarkā (सवितर्का) + samāpattiḥ (समापत्तिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| tatra (तत्र) | indeclinable | in that. In the samāpatti (समापत्ति) of 1.41. |
| śabda (शब्द) | stem | the word. |
| artha (अर्थ) | stem | the object, the meaning. |
| jñāna (ज्ञान) | stem | the knowing. |
| vikalpaiḥ (विकल्पैः) | instrumental plural of vikalpa (विकल्प) | by the constructions. The word from 1.9, now in the instrumental. |
| saṃkīrṇā (संकीर्णा) | nominative singular, feminine | mixed. Agrees with samāpattiḥ (समापत्तिः). |
| savitarkā (सवितर्का) | nominative singular, feminine | with reasoning. sa- (स) “with,” vitarka (वितर्क) from 1.17. |
| samāpattiḥ (समापत्तिः) | nominative singular, feminine | samāpatti (समापत्ति). The subject, repeated so the division can begin. |
The phrases
śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpaiḥ (शब्दार्थज्ञानविकल्पैः) is instrumental plural: by constructions in which word, object, and knowing are mixed together. śabda (शब्द) + artha (अर्थ) is a (अ) + a (अ) = ā (आ). The instrumental says what the mixing is done by.
saṃkīrṇā savitarkā samāpattiḥ (संकीर्णा सवितर्का समापत्तिः) are three feminine nominatives. The samāpatti (समापत्ति) that is mixed is the one with reasoning. tatra (तत्र) keeps 1.41 in force.
Sanskrit in this line
Feminine -ā (आ) on saṃkīrṇā (संकीर्णा) and savitarkā (सवितर्का) agrees with samāpattiḥ (समापत्तिः), just as the feminine adjectives of 1.35 agreed with pravṛttiḥ (प्रवृत्तिः). The instrumental plural -aiḥ (ऐः) is the ending of 1.24, “by” the constructions. Nothing here is a new ending. The line is the agreement.
Say it back
Say which samāpatti (समापत्ति) this is, with the feminine ending you can hear: savitarkā (सवितर्का). Then what it is mixed by.