3.13
एतेन भूतेन्द्रियेषु धर्मलक्षणावस्थापरिणामा व्याख्याताः
etena bhūtendriyeṣu dharma-lakṣaṇāvasthā-pariṇāmā vyākhyātāḥ
The line
By this, the transformations of property, of mark, and of condition in the elements and the senses are explained.
नेपालीमा
यसैले भूत र इन्द्रियमा धर्म, लक्षण र अवस्थाको परिणाम बताइन्छ।
Where it sits
The bridge from mind to thing. 3.14 will say a thing is the bearer of properties, including the ones not yet named. 3.15 makes sequence the cause of a change being a different change.
Split: etena (एतेन) + bhūta (भूत) + indriyeṣu (इन्द्रियेषु) + dharma (धर्म) + lakṣaṇa (लक्षण) + avasthā (अवस्था) + pariṇāmāḥ (परिणामाः) + vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| etena (एतेन) | instrumental singular | by this. By the account of the three transformations. |
| bhūta (भूत) | stem | the elements. |
| indriyeṣu (इन्द्रियेषु) | locative plural | in the senses, and in the elements. The ending covers both. |
| dharma (धर्म) | stem | property. What a thing is like now. |
| lakṣaṇa (लक्षण) | stem | mark. The time-mark, past or present or not yet. |
| avasthā (अवस्था) | stem | condition. The state it is in. |
| pariṇāmāḥ (परिणामाः) | nominative plural, masculine | the transformations. The plural covers the three kinds. |
| vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) | nominative plural, masculine | explained. |
The phrases
By this, the transformations of property, mark, and condition in the elements and the senses are explained. bhūta (भूत) + indriya (इन्द्रिय) is a (अ) + i (इ) = e (ए). lakṣaṇa (लक्षण) + avasthā (अवस्था) is a (अ) + a (अ) = ā (आ). The three changes of the mind are the pattern for how a thing changes.
The line says “explained,” the same gesture as 1.44. The book is not going to write three new essays. If you understood stilling, samādhi (समाधि), and one-pointedness as changes, you understand change in elements and senses.
Sanskrit in this line
Instrumental etena (एतेन) is “by this,” masculine or neuter -ena (एन), from kālena (कालेन) in 1.26. Locative plural indriyeṣu (इन्द्रियेषु) is “in the senses.” vyākhyātāḥ (व्याख्याताः) agrees with pariṇāmāḥ (परिणामाः). The three names dharma (धर्म), lakṣaṇa (लक्षण), avasthā (अवस्था) share one plural.
Say it back
Name the three kinds of change. Property, mark, condition.
Next
3.14. The bearer of properties follows properties that have subsided, arisen, or not yet been named.