3.14
शान्तोदिताव्यपदेश्यधर्मानुपाती धर्मी
śāntoditāvyapadeśya-dharmānupātī dharmī
The line
The bearer of properties follows properties that have subsided, arisen, or not yet been named.
नेपालीमा
धर्मको धारक शान्त भएका, उठेका वा अझै नाम नदिइएका धर्मको पछि लाग्छ।
Where it sits
3.13 said change has three kinds. This line says the thing that changes holds all three times of a property. 3.16 will put saṃyama (संयम) on the three changes and claim knowledge of past and future. This line is why that claim is even thinkable.
Split: śānta (शान्त) + udita (उदित) + avyapadeśya (अव्यपदेश्य) + dharma (धर्म) + anupātī (अनुपाती) + dharmī (धर्मी)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| śānta (शान्त) | stem | subsided. |
| udita (उदित) | stem | arisen. |
| avyapadeśya (अव्यपदेश्य) | stem | not yet to be named. Not yet specified. |
| dharma (धर्म) | stem | property. |
| anupātī (अनुपाती) | nominative singular of anupātin (अनुपातिन्) | following along after. The bearer follows those properties. |
| dharmī (धर्मी) | nominative singular of dharmin (धर्मिन्) | the bearer of properties. The thing that has them. |
The phrases
The bearer follows properties that have subsided, that have arisen, and that are not yet named. śānta (शान्त) + udita (उदित) is a (अ) + u (उ) = o (ओ). udita (उदित) + avyapadeśya (अव्यपदेश्य) is a (अ) + a (अ) = ā (आ). dharma (धर्म) + anupātin (अनुपातिन्) is a (अ) + a (अ) = ā (आ). Both anupātī (अनुपाती) and dharmī (धर्मी) are nominatives of stems in -in (इन्).
A thing is not only its present property. The subsided and the not-yet are in the bearer too. That is why past and future can be known, which is the next step but one.
Sanskrit in this line
Stems in -in (इन्), nominative -ī (ई), twice in one line. You met the pattern at 1.9. dharmī (धर्मी) is “the one that has the properties.” anupātī (अनुपाती) is “following.” a (अ) + u (उ) = o (ओ) and a (अ) + a (अ) = ā (आ) are both in the long compound.
Say it back
Say what the bearer follows. Three times: subsided, arisen, not yet named.
Next
3.15. A different sequence is the cause of a different transformation.