2.1.13
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.1.13
सर्वप्रमाणप्रतिषेधात् च प्रतिषेधानुपपत्तिः
sarvapramāṇapratiṣedhāt ca pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ
The line
Because of a compound: all, a means, and a denial and, a compound: toward, against, ṣedhā (षेधा), nupa (नुप), and patta (पत्त).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The line is short. traikālya-asiddheḥ (त्रैकाल्य-असिद्धेः) from 2.1.12 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: sarva-pramāṇa-pratiṣedhāt (सर्व-प्रमाण-प्रतिषेधात्) + ca (च) + prati-ṣedhā-nupa-pattiḥ (प्रति-षेधा-नुप-पत्तिः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| sarva-pramāṇa-pratiṣedhāt (सर्व-प्रमाण-प्रतिषेधात्) | ablative singular | a compound: all, a means, and a denial. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| prati-ṣedhā-nupa-pattiḥ (प्रति-षेधा-नुप-पत्तिः) | nominative singular | a compound: toward, against, ṣedhā (षेधा), nupa (नुप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end |
The phrases
sarva-pramāṇa-pratiṣedhāt (सर्व-प्रमाण-प्रतिषेधात्) is a compound: all, a means, and a denial. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
prati-ṣedhā-nupa-pattiḥ (प्रति-षेधा-नुप-पत्तिः) is a compound: toward, against, ṣedhā (षेधा), nupa (नुप), and patta (पत्त). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
sarva-pramāṇa-pratiṣedhāt (सर्व-प्रमाण-प्रतिषेधात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss sarva-pramāṇa-pratiṣedhāt (सर्व-प्रमाण-प्रतिषेधात्) and prati-ṣedhā-nupa-pattiḥ (प्रति-षेधा-नुप-पत्तिः).