2.1.4
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.1.4
अव्यवस्था आत्मनि व्यवस्थितत्वात् च अव्यवस्थायाः
avyavasthā ātmani vyavasthitatvāt ca avyavasthāyāḥ
The line
Unsettledness, in in the self, because of a compound: settled, and the state of being that and, a compound: unsettledness, and yāḥa (याःअ).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: avyavasthā (अव्यवस्था) + ātmani (आत्मनि) + vyavasthita-tvāt (व्यवस्थित-त्वात्) + ca (च) + avyavasthā-yāḥa (अव्यवस्था-याःअ)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| avyavasthā (अव्यवस्था) | nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular | unsettledness |
| ātmani (आत्मनि) | locative singular | in the self |
| vyavasthita-tvāt (व्यवस्थित-त्वात्) | ablative singular | a compound: settled, and the state of being that. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| avyavasthā-yāḥa (अव्यवस्था-याःअ) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: unsettledness, and yāḥa (याःअ). Read it from the end |
The phrases
avyavasthā (अव्यवस्था) is unsettledness. It stands as nominative singular, feminine, or instrumental singular. ātmani (आत्मनि) is in the self. It stands as locative singular. vyavasthita-tvāt (व्यवस्थित-त्वात्) is a compound: settled, and the state of being that. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular.
ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable. avyavasthā-yāḥa (अव्यवस्था-याःअ) is a compound: unsettledness, and yāḥa (याःअ). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member.
Sanskrit in this line
vyavasthita-tvāt (व्यवस्थित-त्वात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss avyavasthā (अव्यवस्था) and ātmani (आत्मनि).