2.1.53
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.1.53
आप्तोपदेशसामर्थ्यात् शब्दातर्थसम्प्रत्ययः
āptopadeśasāmarthyāt śabdāt arthasampratyayaḥ
The line
Because of a compound: a reliable person, teaching, and capacity, because of a word, a compound: a thing, a meaning, sampra (सम्प्र), and tyaya (त्यय).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: āpta-upadeśa-sāmarthyāt (आप्त-उपदेश-सामर्थ्यात्) + śabdāt (शब्दात्) + artha-sampra-tyayaḥ (अर्थ-सम्प्र-त्ययः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| āpta-upadeśa-sāmarthyāt (आप्त-उपदेश-सामर्थ्यात्) | ablative singular | a compound: a reliable person, teaching, and capacity. Read it from the end |
| śabdāt (शब्दात्) | ablative singular | a word |
| artha-sampra-tyayaḥ (अर्थ-सम्प्र-त्ययः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: a thing, a meaning, sampra (सम्प्र), and tyaya (त्यय). Read it from the end |
The phrases
āpta-upadeśa-sāmarthyāt (आप्त-उपदेश-सामर्थ्यात्) is a compound: a reliable person, teaching, and capacity. Read it from the end. It stands as ablative singular. śabdāt (शब्दात्) is a word. It stands as ablative singular.
artha-sampra-tyayaḥ (अर्थ-सम्प्र-त्ययः) is a compound: a thing, a meaning, sampra (सम्प्र), and tyaya (त्यय). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
āpta-upadeśa-sāmarthyāt (आप्त-उपदेश-सामर्थ्यात्) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss āpta-upadeśa-sāmarthyāt (आप्त-उपदेश-सामर्थ्यात्) and śabdāt (शब्दात्).