2.1.57
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.1.57
जातिविशेषे च अनियमात्
jātiviśeṣe ca aniyamāt
The line
In a compound: a futile rejoinder, and a difference and, because of the absence of a fixed rule.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The line is short. sāmayikatvāt (सामयिकत्वात्) from 2.1.56 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: jāti-viśeṣe (जाति-विशेषे) + ca (च) + aniyamāt (अनियमात्)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| jāti-viśeṣe (जाति-विशेषे) | locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter | a compound: a futile rejoinder, and a difference. Read it from the end |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
| aniyamāt (अनियमात्) | ablative singular | the absence of a fixed rule |
The phrases
jāti-viśeṣe (जाति-विशेषे) is a compound: a futile rejoinder, and a difference. Read it from the end. It stands as locative singular, or nominative or accusative dual, neuter. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
aniyamāt (अनियमात्) is the absence of a fixed rule. It stands as ablative singular.
Sanskrit in this line
jāti-viśeṣe (जाति-विशेषे) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss jāti-viśeṣe (जाति-विशेषे) and aniyamāt (अनियमात्).