2.2.12
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.12
प्राकुत्पत्तेः अभावोपपत्तेः च
prāk utpatteḥ abhāvopapatteḥ ca
The line
Before, of arising, the origin, of abhāvopapatta (अभावोपपत्त) and.
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The words of this line are the ones to keep. A shorter line after this one may leave them unsaid.
Split: prāk (प्राक्) + utpatteḥ (उत्पत्तेः) + abhāvopapatteḥ (अभावोपपत्तेः) + ca (च)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| prāk (प्राक्) | indeclinable | before |
| utpatteḥ (उत्पत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | arising, the origin |
| abhāvopapatteḥ (अभावोपपत्तेः) | genitive or ablative singular | abhāvopapatta (अभावोपपत्त) |
| ca (च) | indeclinable | and |
The phrases
prāk (प्राक्) is before. It stands as indeclinable. utpatteḥ (उत्पत्तेः) is arising, the origin. It stands as genitive or ablative singular.
abhāvopapatteḥ (अभावोपपत्तेः) is abhāvopapatta (अभावोपपत्त). It stands as genitive or ablative singular. ca (च) is and. It stands as indeclinable.
Sanskrit in this line
abhāvopapatteḥ (अभावोपपत्तेः) is genitive or ablative singular. That ending is the work an English preposition would do.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss prāk (प्राक्) and utpatteḥ (उत्पत्तेः).