2.2.45
Nyāya Sūtra / Adhyāya 2 / 2.2.45
द्रव्यविकारवैषम्यवत् वर्णविकारविकलः
dravyavikāravaiṣamyavat varṇavikāravikalaḥ
The line
A compound: a substance, a transformation, vaiṣa (वैष), and myavata (म्यवत), a compound: a sound, a class, a transformation, and vikala (विकल).
Where it sits
In Nyāya (न्याय) Sūtra (सूत्र), adhyāya (अध्याय) 2. Examines doubt, and then examines the means of knowing one by one. The line is short. atulyapra-kṛtīnām (अतुल्यप्र-कृतीनाम्) from 2.2.44 is still in force. A sūtra (सूत्र) leaves a word out when the line before still holds it. That carrying is anuvṛtti (अनुवृत्ति).
Split: dravya-vikāra-vaiṣa-myavata (द्रव्य-विकार-वैष-म्यवत) + varṇa-vikāra-vikalaḥ (वर्ण-विकार-विकलः)
Sanskrit, in depth
The words
| Word | Grammar | Sense |
|---|---|---|
| dravya-vikāra-vaiṣa-myavata (द्रव्य-विकार-वैष-म्यवत) | a compound, the ending is on the last member | a compound: a substance, a transformation, vaiṣa (वैष), and myavata (म्यवत). Read it from the end |
| varṇa-vikāra-vikalaḥ (वर्ण-विकार-विकलः) | nominative singular, masculine | a compound: a sound, a class, a transformation, and vikala (विकल). Read it from the end |
The phrases
dravya-vikāra-vaiṣa-myavata (द्रव्य-विकार-वैष-म्यवत) is a compound: a substance, a transformation, vaiṣa (वैष), and myavata (म्यवत). Read it from the end. It stands as a compound, the ending is on the last member.
varṇa-vikāra-vikalaḥ (वर्ण-विकार-विकलः) is a compound: a sound, a class, a transformation, and vikala (विकल). Read it from the end. It stands as nominative singular, masculine.
Sanskrit in this line
dravya-vikāra-vaiṣa-myavata (द्रव्य-विकार-वैष-म्यवत) is one compound. The hyphen is a teaching mark. Only the last member wears the case.
Say it back
Cover the English. Gloss dravya-vikāra-vaiṣa-myavata (द्रव्य-विकार-वैष-म्यवत) and varṇa-vikāra-vikalaḥ (वर्ण-विकार-विकलः).
Next
2.2.46. Not of a compound: a transformation, dharmā (धर्मा), nupa (नुप), and patta (पत्त).